PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES AND NEURAL MECHANISMS OF THE INFANT CRY AND VOCALIZATION

这些研究使用神经行为学和民族药理学的方法 调查与生产和感知有关的机制 非人灵长类动物的隔离叫声及其相关发声模式 为了了解发声表达的神经学和生理学 对人类婴儿的影响和哭声对听者的影响。主修 今年的研究结果如下：1)显著相关 在社交分离的恒河猴中发现心率和发音率之间的关系 猕猴宝宝。不是所有的个体都表现出显著的相关性， 提示自主神经发育的个体差异 功能。通过将发声分为三类(Coo，Leap， 尖叫)，这可以表明，并不是所有的声音类别都有显著的 与心率的相关性(尖叫声显示的相关性最小)， 对于一个给定的个体，猴子的心率可以与 一个发声类别在没有显著相关性的情况下 其他声乐类别。这表明不同的发声亚型 在社会分离期间排放的气体与 调节自主神经反应性的机制。2)效果研究 D-苯丙胺对松鼠猴行为的影响 涉及极端行为戒断的刻板印象和插曲 发展的不同时间进程，并以不同的方式表达 根据测试环境(社会隔离与家庭 殖民地)。

These studies use neuroethological and ethopharmacological methods to investigate the mechanisms related to production and perception of the isolation call and related vocalizations in nonhuman primates as a model for understanding the neurology and physiology of vocal expressions of affect in human infants and the impact of crying on the listener. Major findings this year were as follows: 1) Significant correlations were found between heart rate and vocal rate in socially separated rhesus macaque infants. Not all individuals showed significant correlations, suggesting individual differences in the development of autonomic function. By dividing vocalizations into three categories (coo, leap, scream), it could be shown that not all vocal categories had significant correlations with heart rate (scream showing the fewest correlations), and that for a given individual monkey heart rate could correlate with one vocal category in the absence of a significant correlation with the other vocal categories. This suggests that different vocal subtypes emitted during social separation have differing relationships with mechanisms that regulate autonomic reactivity. 2) a study of the effects of D-amphetamine on squirrel monkey behavior demonstrated that motor stereotypes and episodes involving extreme behavioral withdrawal have differing time courses of development, and are differentially expressed according to the testing environment (social separation vs. home colony).