BRAIN MECHANISMS OF VOCAL PRODUCTION IN SQUIRREL MONKEYS

松鼠猴发声的大脑机制

• 批准号: 4693706
• 负责人: J D NEWMAN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/4693706
• 关键词: animal communication behavior; audiotape; brain mapping; communication disorders; electrophysiology; ethology; experimental brain lesion; limbic system; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropharmacology; neuropsychology; opiate alkaloid; psychophysiology; tegmentum; vocalization

This project investigates the effects of neurological and pharmacological interventions on the incidence and structure of squirrel monkey vocalizations emitted during volcalization-inducing contexts in a laboratory setting. This year, three separate studies were conducted. In one, the role in vocal production of the medial frontal cortex was studies following anterior limbic and neocortical ablations. Postoperative testing completed on four animals provide evidence for a concerted involvement of pregenual and preseptal limbic cortex together with an as yet undefined area of adjacent neocortex in the normal expression of the isolation call when the subject is visually and acoustically separated from conspecifics. The other two studies employed behavioral pharmacological techniques to examine the role of specific neurochemical substrates in mediating squirrel monkey vocal behavior. One of these studies investigated the role of drugs showing specific binding for alpha-adrenergic receptors. Clonidine in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg i.m. consistently decreased or eliminated isolation calls in subjects separated from conspecifics. Yohimbine in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg reversed the clonidine-related suppression of vocalization in this context, and, in addition, enhanced production of another vocalization, the twitter. In a second pharmacological study, benactyzine, an anticholinergic, was found to potentiate the induction of alarm calls given in response to a model predator. This same drug failed to significantly alter production of isolation calls.

本项目研究神经和药理学的影响， 松鼠猴发病率和结构的干预措施 在一个特定的环境中， 实验室设置。 今年进行了三项独立的研究。 在 一是研究内侧额叶皮层在发声中的作用 前边缘和新皮层切除后 术后 在四只动物身上完成的测试提供了证据， 膝前和隔前边缘皮质与AS一起受累 但在正常表达的相邻新皮质中未定义的区域， 当受试者在视觉和听觉上分离时， 从同类。 另外两项研究采用了行为 药理学技术来检查特定的神经化学物质的作用， 介导松鼠猴发声行为的底物。 其中一 研究调查了显示特异性结合的药物的作用， α-肾上腺素能受体 可乐定0.1 mg/kg i.m. 持续减少或消除分离受试者的隔离呼叫 从同类。 育亨宾在0.2 mg/kg剂量下逆转了 在这种情况下，与可乐定相关的发声抑制， 此外，还增强了另一种发声方式Twitter的制作。 中 第二个药理学研究，苯那替嗪，一种抗胆碱能药物，被发现 为了增强响应于模型而给出的警报呼叫的诱导， 掠食者 这种药物未能显著改变 隔离呼叫。