GENETIC AND EXPERIENTIAL INFLUENCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMATE VOCAL BEHAVIOR

本文介绍了一个基于计算机的声音合成与分析系统 节用于呈现“卡盘”的自然序列 对群居的松鼠猴发出叫声。无显著行为学 除了“查克”的回答外，小组作出了修改。这 表明“恰克”的通话所传达的唯一信息 是发声者的存在和身份。相比之下， 如绒猴“菲”产生明显的行为变化， 倾听偶尔的声音反应。因此，灵长类动物的发声 远距离广播，由于它们的响度和其他声学特性， 属性，诱导唤醒水平或情绪状态的变化， 听众，而发声，进行只有几米，由于 它们的柔软性，不会引起唤醒水平的明显变化， 听众的情绪状态。正是这些后一种发声， 最有可能成为社会学习的工具， 灵长类社会群体经验在介导性激动中的作用 在一个由35只恒河猴组成的自由放养组中检查了声音募集 普尔斯维尔野外观测站的猕猴少年男性被发现 使用招募，耳鼻喉科电话，争取其他家庭成员的帮助， 这表明，声音招募不仅限于女性成员， 猕猴的母系

A computer-based sound synthesis and analysis system developed in this Section was used to present natural sequences of the "chuck" vocalization to group-housed squirrel monkeys. No significant behavioral changes except for "chuck" responses were made by the group. This suggests that the only message communicated by individual "chuck" calls is the presence and identity of the vocalizer. In contrast, loud calls such as the marmoset "phee" produce obvious behavioral changes in the listener to occasional vocal responses. Thus, primate vocalizations that broadcast over long distances, dur to their loudness and other acoustic properties, induce changes in the arousal level or emotional state of the listener, whereas vocalizations that carry only a few meters, due to their softness, induce no clear changes in the arousal level or emotional state of the listener. It is these latter vocalizations that are the most likely candidates to be instruments for social learning in primate social groups. The role of experience in mediated agonistic vocal recruitment was examined in a free-ranging group of 35 rhesus macaques at the Poolesville field station. Juvenile males were found to use recruit,ent calls to enlist the aid of other family members, indicating that vocal recruitment is not restricted to female members of macaque matrilines.