STUDIES OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY

中枢神经系统功能解剖学研究

• 批准号: 5203682
• 负责人: M HERKENHAM
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/5203682
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; Huntington's disease; antidepressants; brain mapping; brain stem; cannabinoids; central nervous system; corticotropin releasing factor; cytokine; drug receptors; electroconvulsive therapy; human tissue; hypothalamic pituitary axis; interleukin 1; locus coeruleus; neuroanatomy; neuroendocrine system; neuropeptides; neurotransmitter receptor; paraventricular nucleus; stress

The Section on Functional Neuroanatomy combines molecular and neuroanatomical methods to identify dynamic aspects of nervous system function that relate to issues of mental health, infectious disease, and drug abuse. Drug and neurotransmitter receptors are mapped using in vitro ligand binding and autoradiography. In situ hybridization histochemistry is used to localize and quantify mRNA expression of neuropeptides, monoamine transporters and synthesizing enzymes, receptors, cytokines, and immediate-early genes in studies of adaptive changes to behavioral, pharmacological, or surgical interventions. 1) The cannabinoid receptor has been localized and quantified in Huntington's and Alzheimer's brains. 2) Studies of animal models of chronic stress are designed to elucidate brain mechanisms involved in the therapeutic amelioration of stress disorders. Antidepressant drug administration and electroconvulsive shock are used in the animal models. Brain systems responsive to both stress and therapeutic treatment include the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) component of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which controls the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis, and the noradrenergic locus coeruleus, which plays a role in arousal and vigilance. 3) Expression of the mRNA for the immediate- early gene c-fos was used to map brain sites responsive to injections of interleukin-1. Responsive cells in the brainstem suggest a pathway by which peripheral cytokines, as mediators of immune or inflammatory challenges, affect neuroendocrine responses. 4) Combinations of anatomical markers are used to reveal activity changes in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons with known neuropeptide phenotype and identified projections to the PVN.

功能神经解剖学部分结合了分子和 神经解剖学方法，以确定神经系统的动态方面 与心理健康、传染病和 吸毒 药物和神经递质受体的映射使用在 体外配体结合和放射自显影。 原位杂交 组织化学用于定位和定量 神经肽、单胺转运蛋白和合成酶， 受体、细胞因子和即刻早期基因在适应性 行为、药物或手术干预的变化。 第一章 大麻素受体已被定位和量化， 亨廷顿舞蹈症和老年痴呆症的大脑。 2)动物模型的研究 慢性压力旨在阐明大脑机制参与 治疗性改善应激障碍。 抗抑郁药物 给药和电休克用于动物模型。 对压力和治疗都有反应的大脑系统包括 下丘脑的促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）成分 室旁核（PVN），控制下丘脑-垂体- 肾上腺轴，和去甲肾上腺素能蓝斑，其中发挥作用， 唤醒和警惕。 3)表达的mRNA的立即- 早期基因c-fos被用来绘制大脑部位对注射 白细胞介素-1。 脑干中的反应细胞表明， 外周细胞因子，作为免疫或炎症介质， 挑战，影响神经内分泌反应。 4)的组合 解剖学标记用于揭示下丘脑的活动变化， 已知神经肽表型的弓状核神经元， 预测PVN。