CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY STUDIES

中枢神经系统功能解剖学研究

• 批准号: 3759386
• 负责人: M HERKENHAM
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3759386
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; Huntington's disease; antidepressants; arousal; autoradiography; basal ganglia; brain mapping; cannabinoids; cocaine; corticotropin releasing factor; drug addiction; drug receptors; electroconvulsive therapy; human tissue; in situ hybridization; laboratory rat; locus coeruleus; mood disorders; neuroendocrine system; neuropeptides; neurotransmitter receptor; psychosis; stress

The Section on Functional Neuroanatomy combines molecular and neuroanatomical methods to characterize and localize dynamic CNS events that relate to issues of mental health and drug abuse. Mapping drug and neurotransmitter receptors using in vitro ligand binding and autoradiography has provided important basic information about brain organization and function. In situ hybridization histochemistry is used to localize and quantify mRNA expression of neuropeptides, monoamine transporters and synthesizing enzymes, adrenal steroid receptors and immediate-early genes in studies of adaptive changes to behavioral, pharmacological, or surgical interventions. (l) The cannabinoid receptor has been localized to specific neuronal elements in brain, and we showed its down regulation in rats after repeated delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administration, which produces behavioral tolerance. 2) In brains of human cocaine addicts, we showed molecular alterations in the basal ganglia caused by chronic cocaine use in an attempt to understand the neurochemical basis of craving and addiction. 3) Studies based on animal models of depression are designed to elucidate brain mechanisms involved in the therapeutic amelioration of chronic stress. Treatments such as antidepressant drug administration and electroconvulsive shock are used in conjunction with acute and chronic stress. Brain systems responsive to both stress and therapeutic treatment include the corticotropin-releasing hormone. (CRH) component of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which controls the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the noradrenergic locus coeruleus, which plays a crucial role in arousal and vigilance.

功能神经解剖学部分结合了分子和 描述和定位动态CNS事件的神经解剖学方法 与精神健康和药物滥用有关的问题。映射药物和 使用体外配体结合的神经递质受体和 放射自显影术提供了有关脑的重要基础信息 组织和功能。采用原位杂交组织化学方法 定位和定量神经肽，单胺， 转运蛋白和合成酶，肾上腺类固醇受体， 在行为适应性变化的研究中， 药物或手术干预。(l)大麻素 受体定位于大脑中特定的神经元元件， 我们在大鼠中发现了它的下调， 四氢大麻酚（THC）给药，其产生行为 宽容2)在可卡因成瘾者的大脑中，我们发现 慢性可卡因使用引起的基底神经节的改变， 试图理解渴望和成瘾的神经化学基础。 3)基于抑郁症动物模型的研究旨在 阐明参与治疗改善的脑机制 慢性压力抗抑郁药物等治疗 和电休克是用来与急性和 慢性压力大脑系统对压力和治疗都有反应 治疗包括促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素。(CRH)组件 下丘脑室旁核，它控制着 下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴和去甲肾上腺素能位点 蓝斑，在唤醒和警惕中起着至关重要的作用。