Simulating the impact of first responder communication strategies on citizen compliance in emergencies

模拟紧急情况下急救人员沟通策略对公民合规性的影响

• 批准号: MR/V023748/1
• 负责人: Anne Templeton
• 金额: $ 139.97万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FV023748%2F1
• 关键词: Simulating; impact; first; responder; communication

Research on chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear emergencies suggests that citizens engage in protective health behaviours quicker and have higher compliance when they perceive first responders to be in the same group as them. However, further work needs to address how communication strategies can create the perception that first responders are in the same group to facilitate this compliance. Research in social psychology can provide key tools to increase effective communication from First Responders through increased trust. The Social Identity Approach explains how collective behaviour emerges as a group process, through categorising people as "ingroup" (same social group) or "outgroup" (different social group) members. It demonstrates how the public can quickly self-organise safe behaviour in emergencies, have increased trust in ingroup members, and are more influenced by ingroup members than those outside the group. In sudden onset emergencies such as fires and marauding firearm attacks, there can be limited time in which to convey messages to the public. Establishing the most effective communication methods to encourage safe behaviour is of vital importance. Pedestrian models provide a key tool for overseeing resilience in emergencies. They can model both individual and collective behaviour that enables the simulation of group and individual actions. Using this method, I can ask why and how behaviour emerges by exploring the underlying psychological mechanisms. Crucially, I can model social connections between first responders and citizens based on evidence from social psychological research and first responder experiences. However, few models have incorporated the social psychological principles that make collective behaviour possible: perceptions of others as being fellow group members. Current pedestrian evacuation models have limited accuracy because they do not include group behaviour, and at present none of the models include group processes between First Responders and the public to determine how they influence behaviour in emergencies This project will ascertain the psychological underpinnings of behaviour in emergencies using online studies and a controlled laboratory experiment. I will to explore the effects of first responder communication approaches on route choice in emergencies to determine the behavioural consequences of first responder communication practices on citizen compliance. I will ascertain how to 1) increase effective first responder communication strategies in emergencies through experiments using adapted existing communication approaches and hypotheses testing in pedestrian models, and 2) improve simulations of evacuation behaviour by incorporating social psychological factors that influence decision-making into a pedestrian model to advise emergency planning.By adapting current first responder best practices into social psychological experiments on emergency behaviour, I will identify improvements for best practices that facilitate higher citizen compliance. This project will identify (in)effective emergency-related communication practices from first responders to citizens. Ultimately, I will incorporate expertise from civil protection and social psychology to create guidance for first responders and a pedestrian model that includes important social psychological factors influencing behaviour in emergencies. This will enable us to create evidence-based guidance and models for first responder organisations that will assist with planning the best response to facilitate citizen compliance and increase safety. Thus, I will enhance understanding of group relations and risk factors in evacuations, and improve current procedures to deliver evidence-based enhancements to public safety in disaster situations.

对化学、生物、放射性和核紧急情况的研究表明，当公民认为急救人员与他们属于同一群体时，他们会更快地采取保护性健康行为，并且具有更高的依从性。然而，进一步的工作需要解决沟通策略如何营造第一响应者属于同一组的印象，以促进这种合规性。社会心理学研究可以提供关键工具，通过增加信任来增强急救人员的有效沟通。社会认同方法通过将人们分类为“内群体”（同一社会群体）或“外群体”（不同社会群体）成员，解释了集体行为如何作为群体过程出现。它展示了公众如何在紧急情况下快速自组织安全行为，增加对群体内成员的信任，并且比群体外成员更容易受到群体内成员的影响。在火灾和抢劫性枪支袭击等突然发生的紧急情况下，向公众传达信息的时间可能有限。建立最有效的沟通方法来鼓励安全行为至关重要。行人模型提供了监督紧急情况恢复能力的关键工具。他们可以对个人和集体行为进行建模，从而能够模拟群体和个人行为。使用这种方法，我可以通过探索潜在的心理机制来询问行为为何以及如何出现。至关重要的是，我可以根据社会心理学研究和急救人员经验的证据，对急救人员和公民之间的社会联系进行建模。然而，很少有模型纳入了使集体行为成为可能的社会心理学原理：将他人视为群体成员的看法。目前的行人疏散模型的准确性有限，因为它们不包括群体行为，而且目前没有一个模型包含急救人员和公众之间的群体过程，以确定他们如何影响紧急情况下的行为。该项目将利用在线研究和受控实验室实验来确定紧急情况下行为的心理基础。我将探讨急救人员沟通方法对紧急情况下路线选择的影响，以确定急救人员沟通实践对公民合规性的行为后果。我将确定如何 1) 通过在行人模型中使用适应的现有通信方法和假设测试进行实验，增加紧急情况下有效的急救人员沟通策略；2) 通过将影响决策的社会心理因素纳入行人模型中，为应急计划提供建议，从而改进疏散行为的模拟。 公民合规性。该项目将确定急救人员与公民之间有效（无效）的紧急情况相关沟通实践。最终，我将结合民防和社会心理学的专业知识，为急救人员和行人模型创建指导，其中包括影响紧急情况下行为的重要社会心理因素。这将使我们能够为急救人员组织创建基于证据的指导和模型，帮助规划最佳响应，以促进公民合规性并提高安全性。因此，我将加强对疏散中的群体关系和风险因素的理解，并改进现有程序，以循证的方式增强灾害情况下的公共安全。

项目成果

Social Agents? A Systematic Review of Social Identity Formalizations

社会代理人？

• DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5066
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation
• 作者: Scholz G

Editorial: Social Identity Modelling

社论：社会身份建模

• DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5188
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation
• 作者: Wijermans N