Evolution and plasticity of "arrive and survive" phenotypes driving parallel range shifts in the wild.

“到达并生存”表型的进化和可塑性推动了野外平行范围的变化。

基本信息

批准号：
NE/W006553/1
负责人：
Lesley Lancaster
金额：
$ 69.19万
依托单位：
University of Aberdeen
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW006553%2F1
关键词：
Evolution plasticity arrive survive phenotypes

项目摘要

Many species are undergoing contemporary range shifts to higher latitudes and elevations, representing one of the most dramatic and consequential biotic responses to climate change. Historically, researchers assumed that range shifts simply involved ecological processes of dispersal to track suitable climates. However, we now know that range shifts in fact also involve rapid evolutionary change, reflecting: niche shifts and niche expansion, increases in dispersal, and altered patterns of neutral genetic variation. However, the mechanisms and salience of each of these evolutionary shifts are poorly understood, limiting our ability to predict range shifts and estimate their potential impact on high latitude or high elevation communities.Recent work suggests that shifts in endogenous, epigenetic modifications to DNA may play a central role in enabling range shifts and associated adaptations. This is because such epigenetic modifications represent a way to achieve improved flexibility in trait expression, enabling individuals to better respond to novel environments at the expanding range edge. In fact, epigenetic variation is often a better predictor than genetic variation in predicting species' niche limits. However, the role genetic vs. epigenetic variation in enabling poleward range expansions has never been formally compared, for either explanatory power or predictive ability.In this proposal we aim to conduct a landscape scale study to discover the genetic variants and epigenetic patterns that reliably predict and reflect range shifting adaptations and rates. For this work we propose to use an established model study system for range shifting evolutionary dynamics, the blue-tailed damselfly Ischnura elegans. This iconic species is strongly limited by temperature, and is currently undergoing rapid range expansion into higher latitudes in response to climate change, associated with previously-described evolutionary shifts in niche breadth, competitive ability, and dispersal phenotypes. Being geographically widespread, with well-developed genomic resources, high-quality citizen science data, and documented ecological impacts on invaded habitats, I. elegans provides the ideal system to study range shift evolutionary processes in parallel in the wild.To evaluate the relative importance of genetic and epigenetic processes for range shifting, we will establish four, independent, parallel range shift transects at the northern margin of I. elegans' range. We will combine field sampling with laboratory experiments, to establish drivers of variation, and eco-evolutionary modelling, to uncover key processes and predictions. The proposed work will provide a first, robust test of how genetic and epigenetic processes facilitate range shifts into higher latitudes, via their effects on dispersal and thermal adaptations (what we coin 'arrive and survive' phenotypes). Our validated forecasting models will further establish the relative importance of different genetic and epigenetic processes, and provide a platform for predicting rates of range shifting and adaptation in the Anthropocene.

许多物种正在经历现代范围转变为更高的纬度和高程，这代表了对气候变化的最引人注目，最结果的生物反应之一。从历史上看，研究人员认为范围的变化仅涉及分散的生态过程以跟踪合适的气候。但是，我们现在知道，实际上范围的变化也涉及快速的进化变化，反映：利基转移和利基扩展，扩散增加以及中性遗传变异的模式改变。但是，这些进化转移的每一种的机制和显着性都尚未理解，这限制了我们预测范围变化的能力并估算其对高纬度或高海拔群落的潜在影响。骨骼工作表明，内源性的表观遗传修饰对DNA的转移可能在实现范围和相关适应性的范围内起核心作用。这是因为这种表观遗传修饰代表了一种在性状表达中提高灵活性的方法，使个人能够更好地对扩展范围边缘的新环境做出反应。实际上，表观遗传变异通常比预测物种小众极限的遗传变异更好。然而，对于解释能力或预测能力，遗传与表观遗传变异的作用从未正式比较，从未正式比较。在本提案中，我们旨在进行景观量表研究以发现遗传变异和表观遗传模式，这些模式可靠地预测并反映了范围范围的移动适应和速率。在这项工作中，我们建议使用既定的模型研究系统进行范围转移的进化动力学，即蓝尾的DAMSELDLY ISCHNURA秀丽隐杆线虫。该标志性物种受温度的强烈限制，目前正在快速范围扩展到较高的纬度，以应对气候变化，这与以前描述的利基广度，竞争能力和分散表型的进化变化有关。在地理位置上，拥有良好的基因组资源，高质量的公民科学数据以及对入侵栖息地的生态影响，I。I. Elegrans为研究范围的进化过程提供了理想的系统，以评估遗传和表观遗传范围的相对重要性，我们将建立四个范围的转移范围。我们将结合现场抽样与实验室实验，以建立变异的驱动因素以及生态进化建模，以发现关键过程和预测。拟议的工作将通过对分散和热适应的影响（我们的造成的表现和生存的表型）的影响，将对遗传和表观遗传过程如何促进范围转移到更高的纬度方面进行首次强大的测试。我们经过验证的预测模型将进一步确定不同遗传和表观遗传过程的相对重要性，并为预测人类世的范围变化和适应速率提供了一个平台。