MICROASSAYS FOR ENZYME ACTIVITY

酶活性的微量测定

• 批准号: 6293952
• 负责人: Wilson Harvey Smart
• 金额: $ 18.42万
• 依托单位: KUMETRIX, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-15 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6293952
• 关键词: acetylcholine; bioassay; biosensor device; blood tests; cholinesterases; consumable /disposable biomedical equipment; electrochemistry; enzyme activity; silicon; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (applicant's abstract): Recent widely-accepted advances in electrochemical biosensor technology will be combined with the unique silicon microfabrication technology developed in our laboratory to produce low cost single-use disposable (consumable) devices for painless physiological measurements on a blood sample volume of 200 nanoliters. The silicon devices consist of a microneedle comparable in cross-section to a human hair integrated with a cuvette containing a miniaturized biosensor. In use, the blood sample is drawn into the cuvette through the silicon microneedle from the microvasaculature of the skin. Enzyme activities in blood can be measured in these devices by depositing a substrate to the target enzyme in the cuvette and employing an integrated biosensor specific to this substrate to monitor the rate of decrease in its concentration as reaction occurs due to enzyme in the blood sample. The example enzyme chosen for the work of Phase I was cholinesterase. The combination of a biosensor with a silicon consumable to provide a practical technique for monitoring enzymatic activity in blood is not restricted to cholinesterase, but is an enabling technology applicable to many other enzymes. The resultant sampling and assay system will require a much lower sample volume than current methods, provide a faster response, and be easy to use by personnel without special training in chemical analysis. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATION: Markets include quality control in the flood industries, emergency medicine, control of blood levels of therapeutic drugs, and physiological monitoring of many analytes and enzyme activities for clinical and research purposes.

描述（申请人摘要）：最近广泛接受的进展， 电化学生物传感器技术将与独特的硅相结合， 我们实验室开发的微加工技术， 一次性（消耗性）无痛生理器械 在200纳升的血液样品体积上进行测量。硅器件 包括横截面与人的头发相当的微针， 用含有小型化生物传感器的试管。在使用中，血液样本 通过硅微针从 皮肤的微血管。血液中的酶活性可以在 这些装置通过将底物沉积到比色皿中的靶酶， 使用对该基质特异的集成生物传感器来监测 由于酶在反应中的作用， 血液样本选择用于阶段I工作的示例酶是 胆碱酯酶生物传感器与硅耗材的组合， 提供一种监测血液中酶活性的实用技术 这是一项适用于许多人的技术， 其他酵素由此产生的采样和分析系统将需要大量的 比当前方法更低的样品体积，提供更快的响应，并且 无需经过化学分析专门培训的人员即可轻松使用。 拟定商业应用： 市场包括洪水行业的质量控制，急救医学，血液控制 治疗药物水平，以及许多分析物和酶的生理监测 用于临床和研究目的。