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Spontaneous Activity of Mitral Cells

二尖瓣细胞的自发活动

基本信息

批准号：
6504603
负责人：
EDWIN R GRIFF
金额：
$ 14.76万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-07-01 至 2005-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6504603
关键词：
action potentials auditory cortex biological signal transduction electrical measurement electroencephalography hormone regulation /control mechanism laboratory rat neural conduction neurons neurophysiology odors olfactions olfactory disorder olfactory stimulus respiratory epithelium

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of this project is to understand how the olfactory system encodes information about odors. The olfactory system has a major role in regulating body hormonal state, emotional disposition, hunger, reproductive and social behavior. The work proposed here will advance understanding of the physiological processes, which subserve sensory function. Odors are received by olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium of the nose and these receptor neurons convey the information to the main olfactory bulb in the brain, where they synapse onto mitral cells. The mitral cells process this information via neural circuits in the bulb and relay it to the primary olfactory or piriform cortex. The specific aims of this project are to measure the spontaneous activity of mitral cells, analyze temporal patterns and respiratory modulation of spontaneous action potentials, to correlate spontaneous activity with the impulse conduction velocity of mitral cells, and to investigate to what extent spontaneous activity in mitral cells is controlled by spontaneous activity in olfactory receptor neurons. Loss of the sense of smell is a common and debilitating problem. Acute loss may follow head trauma or environmental insult, while gradual loss often accompanies aging. Impaired olfaction compromises a person's ability to detect potential hazards such as smoke, gas leaks, and rancid food. Quality of life is also affected since most of the pleasure of food and drink comes from the nose. Increased knowledge of the normal and basic physiology of olfactory neurons is essential for developing strategies to treat olfactory deficits.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的长期目标是了解嗅觉系统如何编码有关气味的信息。嗅觉系统在调节身体激素状态、情绪、饥饿、生殖和社会行为方面起着重要作用。这里提出的工作将促进对生理过程的理解，这有助于感觉功能。气味由鼻子的嗅觉上皮中的嗅觉受体神经元接收，这些受体神经元将信息传递到大脑中的主嗅球，在那里它们与二尖瓣细胞突触。僧帽细胞通过球中的神经回路处理这些信息，并将其传递到初级嗅觉或梨状皮质。本项目的具体目标是测量二尖瓣细胞的自发活动，分析自发动作电位的时间模式和呼吸调制，将自发活动与二尖瓣细胞的脉冲传导速度相关联，并研究二尖瓣细胞的自发活动在多大程度上受嗅觉受体神经元自发活动的控制。嗅觉的丧失是一个常见的和衰弱的问题。急性损失可能会导致头部创伤或环境损伤，而逐渐损失往往伴随着衰老。嗅觉受损会损害一个人检测潜在危险的能力，如烟雾，煤气泄漏和腐臭的食物。生活质量也受到影响，因为大部分食物和饮料的乐趣来自鼻子。增加对嗅觉神经元正常和基本生理学的了解对于制定治疗嗅觉缺陷的策略至关重要。