The politics of memory in Alsace: Nationalisation and gender in the aftermath of the Second World War

边界地区界定了国家主权的界限和国家共同体的边界，是国家定义的关键空间(Donnan，Berdahl，1999)。在法国和德国之间，阿尔萨斯在法国和德国的国家建设中发挥了核心作用，在1870年至1945年间将国籍改变了四倍。因此，阿尔萨斯人与这两个民族分享民族认同的文化元素。在每一次使用宣传和艺术的冲突(1870-1871、1914-1918、1939-1940)之后，两个民族国家都需要证明阿尔萨斯人拥有足够的价值观和行为，可以融入国家。1945年后，法国当局通过创造记忆领域来促进阿尔萨斯的国家认同。然而，法国和德国的国家纪念碑促进了男性气概的加剧，而女性气质是阿尔萨斯人记忆中最重要的。在阿尔萨斯南部(上莱茵州)，代表人类角色的110座战争纪念碑中，有78座是女性。这项研究分析和比较了阿尔萨斯、法国和德国的战后记忆政治，揭示了性别在阿尔萨斯的突出地位，它作为一种国有化工具的用途，以及与过去达成妥协的中心地位。

Defining the limits of state sovereignty and borders of a national community, borderlands are crucial spaces for the definition of nations (Donnan, Berdahl, 1999). In-between France and Germany, Alsace played a central role in French and German nation-building, changing nationality fourfold between 1870 and 1945. Alsatians, therefore, shared cultural elements of national identity with both nations. After each conflict (1870-1871, 1914-1918, 1939-1940) using propaganda, and the arts, both nation-states needed to demonstrate that Alsatians shared enough values and behaviours to be integrated into the nation. After 1945, French authorities promoted national identity in Alsace through the creation of realms of memory. However, where French and German national memorials promote an exacerbated masculinity, femininity is at the forefront of Alsatian remembrance. In southern Alsace (Haut-Rhin) out of 110 war memorials representing human characters, 78 are women. This research analyses and compares post-war politics of memory in Alsace, France, and Germany, unravelling the prominence of gender in Alsace, its uses as a nationalisation tool, and centrality to coming to terms with the past.