The Natural History and Consequences of Ecstasy Use

使用摇头丸的自然历史和后果

• 批准号: 7082098
• 负责人: AMELIA M ARRIA
• 金额: $ 53.71万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-01 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7082098
• 关键词: 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine; Cannabis; academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); anxiety; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cocaine; depression; drug abuse; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; psychopharmacology; questionnaires; sex behavior; social psychology; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related behavior; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Ecstasy (MDMA) use has increased sharply among youth in both the US and worldwide. Although the medical literature is replete with studies documenting serious physical consequences associated with ecstasy, little is known about the natural history of ecstasy use and its effects on behavior and mental health. The goal of the proposed research is to contribute critically needed epidemiologic information about the risk factors for becoming an ecstasy user, the patterns of ecstasy use, and its longer-term consequences. The study will also have broader implications for the description and prediction of illicit drug use patterns in general among college students. A longitudinal prospective study of a large sample of college students at the University of Maryland, College Park, a major public University with a diverse student body, will be conducted. The three specific aims of the project are to: 1) identify the predictors of onset of ecstasy use; 2) characterize ecstasy use patterns and develop models to better understand changes in ecstasy use; and 3) describe and predict the consequences of ecstasy use, among college students. A two-stage procedure will be used to recruit students into the study. First, a screening instrument will be administered to all incoming freshman via cooperation with the University's Orientation Office. Second, based on information from the screening, we will recruit 18-19 year old students who fall into three groups and will be eligible for longitudinal follow-up: 1) A "high-risk sample" of non-users of ecstasy at baseline who have used marijuana (Specific Aim# 1); 2) "Prevalent" cases, ecstasy users at baseline, who, in conjunction with incident ecstasy users from Specific Aim# 1 will comprise the sample to study ecstasy use patterns (Specific Aim# 2), and, 3) A "low-risk" sample of non-users of both marijuana and ecstasy at baseline, primarily for comparative purposes for Specific Aim # 3. These students will be assessed annually for three years with a face-to-face interview and semi-annually with mail-in questionnaires. Risk factors that are hypothesized to be related to the initiation of ecstasy use and changes in the pattern of use include family factors (e.g. family history and quality of relationships), social influences (e.g., peer influences, attendance at "raves"), personal characteristics (i.e., behavioral dysreguhtion/sensation-seeking), contextual variables and drug use history. The classes of consequences to be studied in the sample over time are: 1) alcohol and other drug dependence; 2) high risk sexual activity; 3) academic performance; and 4) mental health problems (i.e., anxiety and depression). This study will complement research about the neurobiological mechanisms of risks and consequences of ecstasy use, add to the existing body of knowledge on college drug use, and have important implications for the identification of persons at high risk for ecstasy use and those in need of prevention and early intervention services.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国和全球的青年中，摇头丸（MDMA）的使用急剧增加。尽管医学文献充斥着记录与狂喜相关的严重身体后果的研究，但对摇头丸使用的自然历史及其对行为和心理健康的影响知之甚少。拟议研究的目的是为成为摇头丸使用者的风险因素，摇头丸使用的模式及其长期后果提供迫切需要的流行病学信息。该研究还将对大学生的一般非法使用药物使用模式的描述和预测具有更广泛的影响。将对马里兰大学的大量大学生进行纵向前瞻性研究，该大学公园是一所大型公立大学，拥有多元化的学生团体。该项目的三个特定目的是：1）确定摇头丸使用的预测因素； 2）表征摇头丸的使用模式并开发模型以更好地了解摇头丸使用的变化； 3）在大学生中描述和预测摇头丸使用的后果。两阶段的程序将用于招募学生参加研究。首先，将通过与大学迎新办公室的合作向所有新生的筛选工具进行管理。其次，根据筛查的信息，我们将招募18-19岁的学生分为三组，并有资格接受纵向随访：1）在使用大麻的基线时，“高风险样本”的“高风险样本”（特定的AIM＃1）； 2）“普遍”案例，基线的摇头丸用户，与来自特定目的1的事件狂喜用户结合使用，将构成样本，包括研究摇头丸使用模式（特定目的＃2），以及3）“低风险”的“低风险”样本，以相比的目的为基础，以相比的目的为基础，以相比的目的是三个以上。半年度邮寄问卷。假设与摇头丸使用和使用模式变化有关的风险因素包括家庭因素（例如家族史和关系的质量），社交影响（例如，同伴的影响，出勤率，“狂欢”），个人特征（即行为障碍障碍/寻求障碍），情境障碍和上下文的使用历史和药物使用病史。随着时间的推移，样本中要研究的后果类别是：1）酒精和其他药物依赖性； 2）高风险性活动； 3）学业表现； 4）心理健康问题（即焦虑和抑郁）。这项研究将补充有关风险和摇头丸的后果的神经生物学机制的研究，增加了有关大学吸毒的知识的现有知识体系，并对识别高风险的摇头丸使用以及需要预防和早期干预服务的人具有重要意义。