Primate enteroviruses transmission in Bangladesh

灵长类动物肠道病毒在孟加拉国的传播

• 批准号: 7031513
• 负责人: LISA E JONES-ENGEL
• 金额: $ 8.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-15 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7031513
• 关键词: Primates; human

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Zoonotic diseases are increasingly recognized as a risk to public health. SARS coronavirus, SIV and avian influenza are among the viruses that have had a recent impact on human populations. In general, persistence of zoonotic infectious agents in human populations is uncommon, but, as in the case of HIV, viruses that successfully adapt to human hosts can cause devastating epidemics. Host similarity may be a significant factor determining the ability of a given animal virus to persist in human populations. Because humans are similar to nonhuman primates (NHPs) with respect to their immunology, physiology and behavior, infectious agents enzootic in NHPs may adapt more easily to humans, compared to infectious agents originating in other animals. These enzootic NHP-borne infectious agents may thus constitute a particular risk as potential agents of human disease. Recent research suggests that enteroviruses found in children from Bangladesh are genotypically similar to viruses isolated decades ago from NHPs that originated in South Asia, raising the question of whether NHP-to-human transmission has occurred. Enteroviruses can cause a wide variety of human illnesses including neurologic disease, myocarditis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis and neonatal sepsis-like disease. We propose to examine the enteroviral fauna of Bangladeshi NHPs to identify a source for possible cross-species transmission of these viruses. Fecal samples will be collected from free ranging NHPs, including all 10 taxa of NHPs native to Bangladesh. Using PCR, nucleic acids from fecal samples will be amplified and sequenced to detect and identify enteroviruses present. Complete VP1 sequences for these enteroviruses will be used to describe the phylogenetic relationships between them and other known enteroviruses. This data will allow us to characterize the genetic variation of NHP-borne enteroviruses among different NHP species and in different geographic locations within Bangladesh. Ultimately, this data will provide insight into the potential emergence of NHP-borne pathogens and help to deter the spread of emerging zoonotic threats.

描述（由申请人提供）：人畜共患疾病越来越被认为是对公众健康的威胁。SARS冠状病毒、SIV和禽流感是最近对人类产生影响的病毒。一般来说，人畜共患传染原在人群中持续存在的情况并不常见，但是，就像艾滋病毒一样，成功适应人类宿主的病毒可引起毁灭性的流行病。宿主相似性可能是决定特定动物病毒在人群中持续存在能力的一个重要因素。由于人类在免疫学、生理学和行为方面与非人灵长类动物（NHPs）相似，因此与源自其他动物的传染性病原体相比，NHPs中地方性流行的传染性病原体可能更容易适应人类。因此，作为人类疾病的潜在病原体，这些地方性流行性乙型肝炎传播的传染因子可能构成特别的风险。最近的研究表明，在孟加拉国儿童中发现的肠道病毒在基因特征上与几十年前从源自南亚的甲型h1n1流感中分离出的病毒相似，这就提出了甲型h1n1流感是否已经发生人际传播的问题。肠病毒可引起多种人类疾病，包括神经系统疾病、心肌炎、急性出血性结膜炎和新生儿败血症样疾病。我们建议检查孟加拉国NHPs的肠道病毒动物群，以确定这些病毒可能跨物种传播的来源。将收集自由放养的国家卫生防护动物的粪便样本，包括原产于孟加拉国的所有10个国家卫生防护动物分类群。利用聚合酶链反应（PCR），将对粪便样本中的核酸进行扩增和测序，以检测和鉴定存在的肠道病毒。这些肠道病毒的完整VP1序列将用于描述它们与其他已知肠道病毒之间的系统发育关系。这些数据将使我们能够描述孟加拉国境内不同NHP物种和不同地理位置的NHP传播的肠道病毒的遗传变异特征。最终，这些数据将提供对可能出现的nhp传播病原体的深入了解，并有助于阻止新出现的人畜共患威胁的传播。