EVOLUTION OF PLASMODIUM VIVAX AND ASIAN MACAQUE MALARIAS

间日疟原虫和亚洲猕猴疟疾的演变

• 批准号: 8172779
• 负责人: LISA E JONES-ENGEL
• 金额: $ 15.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172779
• 关键词: Area; Asia; Asians; Cambodia; Central America; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Ecology; Erythrocytes; Evolution; Funding; Grant; Human; Institution; Investigation; Life Cycle Stages; Macaca; Malaria; Malaria Vaccines; Parasites; Phylogenetic Analysis; Plasmodium; Plasmodium vivax; Population; Population Growth; Primates; Process; Proteins; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Sampling; Singapore; Sister; Source; Structure; Taxon; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; southeast Asian

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Plasmodium vivax is the most prevalent human malarial parasite in several areas of Asia and South-Central America. Phylogenetic studies have shown that P. vivax and other Plasmodium spp. currently found in Southeast Asian macaques are part of a monophyletic group from which P. vivax originated as a human parasite as a result of a host switch. The proposed investigation seeks to understand the evolutionary history of P. vivax together with its known sister taxa in Southeast Asian macaques. Understanding the evolutionary history of macaque malarias is important because some of these parasites can infect humans. Overall, the proposed investigation aims to understand the role of positive selection in the evolution of proteins expressed during erythrocyte invasion in P. vivax and related species. This is a critical step in the parasite life cycle. Several of these proteins are considered targets for malaria vaccines. Spurious evidence of positive selection, however, could result from demographic processes (such as population growth and population structure). Thus we propose to assess the demographic histories of P. vivax and macaque Plasmodium spp., using extensive geographic sampling to understand the evolution of putative adaptive variation. We are just beginning the 2nd year of this 4 year project and have sampled macaques extensively in Lombok and Singapore. Plans are underway to expand the research into Cambodia where the malaria ecology of the primates and humans is poorly characterized.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 间日疟原虫是亚洲和中南美洲几个地区最流行的人类疟疾寄生虫。系统发育研究表明，间日疟原虫和其他疟原虫属物种。目前在东南亚猕猴中发现的间日疟原虫是单系群的一部分，由于宿主转换，间日疟原虫作为人类寄生虫起源于该单系群。拟议的调查旨在了解间日疟原虫及其已知的姐妹分类群在东南亚猕猴的进化历史。了解猕猴疟疾的进化历史很重要，因为其中一些寄生虫可以感染人类。总体而言，拟议的调查旨在了解积极选择在间日疟原虫和相关物种红细胞侵袭过程中表达的蛋白质进化中的作用。这是寄生虫生命周期中的关键一步。这些蛋白质中有几种被认为是疟疾疫苗的靶点。然而，正选择的虚假证据可能来自人口过程（如人口增长和人口结构）。因此，我们建议评估间日疟原虫和猕猴疟原虫属的人口统计学历史，使用广泛的地理采样来了解假定的适应性变异的进化。我们刚刚开始这个为期4年的项目的第二年，并在龙目岛和新加坡广泛抽样猕猴。目前正在计划将研究扩展到柬埔寨，那里的灵长类动物和人类的疟疾生态特征很差。