Core--Field Logistics and Development

核心--现场物流与开发

• 批准号: 7131158
• 负责人: Richard A Pierce
• 金额: $ 8.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA WILMINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-08 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7131158
• 关键词: aerosols; air sampling /monitoring; biomedical facility; brevetoxin; environmental health; environmental toxicology; field study; water sampling /testing

The Florida Red Tide, caused by the harmful alga, Karenia brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve) occurs annually along the Florida Gulf coast, and periodically throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico and along the US Atlantic coast, resulting in adverse economic and health effects. The alga is harmful because it produces a suite of neurotoxins (brevetoxins) that cause massive fish kills, contamination of shellfish (Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning) and results in respiratory problems and possibly additional health effects when people are exposed to the toxins in marine aerosol. The purpose of this Environmental Field Core (FC2) is to coordinate and implement collection and analysis of environmental data essential to implementation and interpretation of the field-oriented Research Projects. These include FC1, toxin probes and assays, RP1, Characterization of Brevetoxin Aerosols (Cheng) , and RP4, Epidemiology of red Tide Exposure (Fleming). Support will be in the form of: 1) monitoring the Florida Gulf coast, in the Sarasota region, for red tide blooms to alert project participants to possible field study opportunities, 2) maintenance of field collecting equipment and supplies, coordination of deployment and calibration of sampling equipment for field studies, 3) coordination and implementation of sampling protocol, including sample chain of custody, sample transport and processing, and interlaboratory calibration of analytical instrumentation, 4) Sample collection and analysis of brevetoxins in air and water by LC-MS, and Karenia brevis cell counts, 5) Sample collection and transport to UNCW (FC1) for total brevetoxin analysis by ELISA, and for culture and identification of new Karenia species. 6) Collaboration with Project Managers for data interpretation and dissemination of results, including report and manuscript preparation. Environmental sample collection will follow the protocol of Pierce et al. (2005). Seawater samples will be collected in 1-L bottles for cell counts and brevetoxin analyses 3 times daily. Marine aerosol will be collected with 8 high-volume samplers, placed in a grid of 200m x 50m, AM and PM, to assess aerosolized toxin concentrations over time and space. FC2 will coordinate with RP1 and RP4 for deployment of particle-size impactors, to assess the particle size of toxin-containing aerosol to which subjects are exposed. FC2 also will assist RP1 and RP4 in deploying a portable weather station to monitor meteorological conditions. Brevetoxin content will be determined by high performance liquid chromatography interfaced with mass spectrometry (LCMS) analyses. In addition, water samples will be collected during red tide blooms along the southwest Florida coast for exposure to asthmatic sheep by RP3 (Project by Abraham), and for identification and isolation of different species of Karenia by FC1, to determine the incident of different Karenia species and to identify the toxins produced by the different species. FC2 will coordinate field deployment and air and water sample collection and analyses for the beach studies and the subsequent 5-day, follow-up exposure studies, in cooperation with FC1, RP1 and RP4. Results from FC1 LC-MS analyses of brevetoxins in marine aerosol during beach and sub-acute residential exposure studies will be used to provide realistic exposure concentrations and duration for collaborative laboratory studies undertaken by RP2 and RP3.

佛罗里达赤潮是由一种有害的海洋生物短裸藻引起的， 每年沿着佛罗里达湾海岸，并定期在整个墨西哥湾北方和沿着 美国大西洋沿岸，造成不利的经济和健康影响。它是有害的，因为它产生一种 一组神经毒素（短尾毒素），导致大量鱼类死亡，贝类污染（神经毒素贝类 中毒），并导致呼吸系统问题和可能的额外健康影响时，人们接触 海洋气溶胶中的毒素本环境领域核心（FC2）的目的是协调和 收集和分析环境数据，这些数据对执行和解释《公约》至关重要。 实地研究项目。这些包括FC 1、毒素探针和测定、RP 1、 Brevetoxin Aerosols（Cheng）和RP 4，红潮暴露的流行病学（Fleming）。支持将采取以下形式：1） 监测萨拉索塔地区的佛罗里达海湾沿岸的赤潮，以提醒项目参与者， 可能的实地研究机会，2）维护实地采集设备和用品，协调 为实地研究部署和校准取样设备，3）协调和执行 采样协议，包括样本监管链、样本运输和处理以及实验室间 分析仪器的校准，4）空气和水中短尾藻毒素的样本采集和分析， LC-MS和Karenia brevis细胞计数，5）样品收集并运输至UNCW（FC 1）以用于总短毒素 ELISA分析，以及培养和鉴定Karenia新种。6)与项目合作 负责数据解释和结果传播的管理人员，包括报告和手稿的编写。 环境样本采集将遵循Pierce等人（2005年）的方案。海水样本将 收集在1 L瓶中，每天3次进行细胞计数和短尾孢毒素分析。将收集海洋气溶胶 8个大容量采样器，放置在200 m x 50 m的网格中，上午和下午，以评估气溶胶毒素 浓度随时间和空间的变化。FC 2将与RP 1和RP 4协调，以部署粒度 撞击器，以评估受试者接触的含毒素气溶胶的粒度。FC2也将 协助RP 1和RP 4部署便携式气象站以监测气象情况。布列夫毒素 将通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用（LCMS）测定含量 分析。 此外，在佛罗里达西南海岸沿着赤潮期间将收集水样， 通过RP 3（Abraham项目）暴露于哮喘绵羊，并通过FC 1鉴定和分离不同种类的Karenia， 以确定不同Karenia物种的事件，并确定不同物种产生的毒素， 物种FC 2将协调现场部署以及海滩的空气和水样本收集和分析 研究和随后的5天随访暴露研究，与FC 1、RP 1和RP 4合作。 海滩和亚急性居住期间海洋气溶胶中短尾藻毒素的FC 1 LC-MS分析结果 暴露研究将用于提供现实的暴露浓度和持续时间，以进行合作 RP 2和RP 3进行的实验室研究。