Core--Field Logistics and Development

核心--现场物流与开发

• 批准号: 7131158
• 负责人: Richard A Pierce
• 金额: $ 8.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA WILMINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-08 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7131158
• 关键词: aerosols; air sampling /monitoring; biomedical facility; brevetoxin; environmental health; environmental toxicology; field study; water sampling /testing

The Florida Red Tide, caused by the harmful alga, Karenia brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve) occurs annually along the Florida Gulf coast, and periodically throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico and along the US Atlantic coast, resulting in adverse economic and health effects. The alga is harmful because it produces a suite of neurotoxins (brevetoxins) that cause massive fish kills, contamination of shellfish (Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning) and results in respiratory problems and possibly additional health effects when people are exposed to the toxins in marine aerosol. The purpose of this Environmental Field Core (FC2) is to coordinate and implement collection and analysis of environmental data essential to implementation and interpretation of the field-oriented Research Projects. These include FC1, toxin probes and assays, RP1, Characterization of Brevetoxin Aerosols (Cheng) , and RP4, Epidemiology of red Tide Exposure (Fleming). Support will be in the form of: 1) monitoring the Florida Gulf coast, in the Sarasota region, for red tide blooms to alert project participants to possible field study opportunities, 2) maintenance of field collecting equipment and supplies, coordination of deployment and calibration of sampling equipment for field studies, 3) coordination and implementation of sampling protocol, including sample chain of custody, sample transport and processing, and interlaboratory calibration of analytical instrumentation, 4) Sample collection and analysis of brevetoxins in air and water by LC-MS, and Karenia brevis cell counts, 5) Sample collection and transport to UNCW (FC1) for total brevetoxin analysis by ELISA, and for culture and identification of new Karenia species. 6) Collaboration with Project Managers for data interpretation and dissemination of results, including report and manuscript preparation. Environmental sample collection will follow the protocol of Pierce et al. (2005). Seawater samples will be collected in 1-L bottles for cell counts and brevetoxin analyses 3 times daily. Marine aerosol will be collected with 8 high-volume samplers, placed in a grid of 200m x 50m, AM and PM, to assess aerosolized toxin concentrations over time and space. FC2 will coordinate with RP1 and RP4 for deployment of particle-size impactors, to assess the particle size of toxin-containing aerosol to which subjects are exposed. FC2 also will assist RP1 and RP4 in deploying a portable weather station to monitor meteorological conditions. Brevetoxin content will be determined by high performance liquid chromatography interfaced with mass spectrometry (LCMS) analyses. In addition, water samples will be collected during red tide blooms along the southwest Florida coast for exposure to asthmatic sheep by RP3 (Project by Abraham), and for identification and isolation of different species of Karenia by FC1, to determine the incident of different Karenia species and to identify the toxins produced by the different species. FC2 will coordinate field deployment and air and water sample collection and analyses for the beach studies and the subsequent 5-day, follow-up exposure studies, in cooperation with FC1, RP1 and RP4. Results from FC1 LC-MS analyses of brevetoxins in marine aerosol during beach and sub-acute residential exposure studies will be used to provide realistic exposure concentrations and duration for collaborative laboratory studies undertaken by RP2 and RP3.

佛罗里达州赤潮，由有害藻类Karenia brevis(前身为Gymnodium breve)引起 每年沿佛罗里达州墨西哥湾海岸，定期在整个墨西哥湾北部和沿 美国大西洋沿岸，造成不利的经济和健康影响。这种藻类是有害的，因为它会产生一种 导致大量鱼类死亡的一系列神经毒素(短杆菌毒素)，贝类污染(神经毒性贝类 中毒)，并导致呼吸问题和可能的额外健康影响，当人们暴露在 海洋气溶胶中的毒素。该环境领域核心(FC2)的目的是协调和 收集和分析环境数据，这对执行和解释《 面向实地的研究项目。这些包括Fc1、毒素探针和分析、RP1、表征 和Rp4，赤潮暴露的流行病学(Fleming)。支持将以以下形式提供：1) 监测萨拉索塔地区佛罗里达州墨西哥湾沿岸的赤潮，以提醒项目参与者 可能的实地考察机会，2)维护实地收集设备和用品，协调 部署和校准实地研究的采样设备，3)协调和实施 抽样协议，包括样品保管链、样品运输和处理以及实验室间 分析仪器的校准，4)空气和水中短杆菌毒素的样品收集和分析 LC-MS和短角叉尾轮虫细胞计数，5)样品采集和运输至联合国粮食及农业组织(FC1)测定总短杆菌毒素 用ELISA法进行分析，并用于培养和鉴定卡氏杆菌新种。6)与项目协作 负责数据解释和成果传播的管理人员，包括编写报告和手稿。 环境样品采集将遵循皮尔斯等人的方案。(2005)。海水样本将会是 收集在1-L瓶中，每天3次进行细胞计数和短杆菌毒素分析。海洋气溶胶将被收集 用8个大容量采样器，放置在200米x 50米的网格中，上午和下午，以评估雾化毒素 在时间和空间上的浓度。FC2将与RP1和RP4协调部署颗粒大小 冲击器，以评估受试者接触的含毒素气雾剂的颗粒大小。FC2也将 协助Rp1和Rp4部署一个便携式气象站来监测气象条件。灯盏花叶毒素 含量将通过高效液-质联用(LC-MS)进行测定 分析。 此外，在佛罗里达西南海岸红潮爆发期间，还将采集水样，用于 通过RP3暴露于哮喘绵羊(亚伯拉罕项目)，并通过FC1鉴定和分离不同种类的卡氏杆菌， 确定不同种类的卡氏杆菌的发病情况并鉴定不同的卡氏杆菌产生的毒素 物种。FC2将协调现场部署以及海滩的空气和水样本收集和分析 与Fc1、Rp1和Rp4合作，进行为期5天的后续暴露研究。 FC1LC-MS分析海滩和亚急性居民区海洋气溶胶中的短杆菌毒素 暴露研究将用于提供现实的暴露浓度和持续时间 RP2和RP3进行的实验室研究。