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In the Footsteps of Jesus and the Prophet: Sociality, Caring and the Religious Imagination in the Filipino Diaspora

追随耶稣和先知的脚步：菲律宾侨民的社交、关怀和宗教想象力

基本信息

批准号：
AH/E508790/1
负责人：
Pnina Werbner
金额：
$ 59.01万
依托单位：
Keele University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FE508790%2F1
关键词：
Footsteps Jesus Prophet Sociality Caring

项目摘要

This multi-sited study of a new diaspora centres on the International migration of huge numbers of Filipina women, over 2 million strong, to work as domestic carers in Europe and the Middle East. It challenges a dominant scholarly and popular discourse that views these migrants as economically deprived, semi-educated 'maids to order who endure harsh working conditions and unjust legal regimes in order to remit a few meagre dollars to folks back home. Instead, the project aims to disclose the rich cultural and religious lives of Filipinas in the diaspora by studying them as cosmopolitan travellers who develop and maintain identity, community and international networks across national borders and cultural boundaries. The research will redress an under-researched and under-theorised aspect of Filipino migrant lives. Most Filipinos are Catholics, some are Muslims and increasing numbers belong to new Protestant churches. The principal hypothesis of the project is that religion is central to Filipinas' migratory experience, and especially so when they work in places sacred to Islam or Christianity. What role do Filipino religious congregations play in creating sociality community and social networks among fellow migrants, both local and transactional? Does it facilitate relations with their hosts? How does their faith empower women negotiating status and identity within and beyond the workplace? What are the symbolic and experiential dimensions of belief re-discovered, practised and reinscribed in a sacred landscape? What kind of cultural capital does living in centres holy to Christianity and Islam give migrant returnees? Indeed, does religion affect their decision to work in particular countries, beyond economic considerations? Filipinas working as carers for the elderly construct their identity through notions of religious sacrifice and an ethos of caring and responsibility. The project aims to disclose whether caring for the elderly in their homes endows carers with dignity, status and independent decision-making power and how it contributes to a more Inclusive and encompassing sense of 'home' and family as transnational and multi-sited. These two central objectives determine the project's proposed locations: Israel, Saudi Arabia, Europe and the Philippines. There are over 30,000 Filipinos working in Israel as foreign workers. Most work as carers for the elderly, chronically ill and disabled. Recently oversteyers have been brutally rounded up by police and expelled, either returning home or moving to Europe. Saudi Arabia is home to the largest overseas Filipino migrant community, numbering over 900,000 Filipinos, approximately 10% of which are Muslim Filipinos, mainly women, working either in health, carers or domestic helpers. Along with Italy these countries are religiously significant for migrants. Christian Filipinos have historically imagined a 'national closeness' with Israel based in the strong Filipino ascription to Judeo-Christian traditions, while Saudi Arabia is the holy symbolic centre of Islam for Muslims in the Southern Philippines, as Rome Is for Catholics. Recent Filipina migration to the UK adds a further comparative dimension. The project will thus investigate how religion and caring mediate notions of an expanded 'home' and sense of belonging, and ways that religious congregations provide havens for new arrivals and/or migrants in distress, as well as forums for leadership and oratory, philanthropy and celebration. In doing so, the research will dispute the stereotype of the powerless and impoverished cultural lives of Filipino migrant women, challenge the view that an open and creative engagement with other peoples and ideas is the preserve and privilege of cosmopolitan elites, and contribute to the overall AHRC programme by providing new empirical date on an important global diasporic community and by advancing our understanding of gender and religiosity in a transnational context.

这项针对新侨民的多地点研究以大量菲律宾妇女（超过 200 万）的国际移民为中心，前往欧洲和中东担任家庭护理人员。它挑战了主流的学术和流行话语，即认为这些移民是经济贫困、受过半教育的“女佣”，她们忍受着恶劣的工作条件和不公正的法律制度，以便向家乡的人们汇出微薄的美元。相反，该项目旨在通过研究散居海外的菲律宾人作为国际化旅行者的身份，了解他们丰富的文化和宗教生活，他们跨越国界和文化界限发展和维持身份、社区和国际网络。这项研究将解决菲律宾移民生活中研究不足和理论不足的问题。大多数菲律宾人是天主教徒，一些是穆斯林，越来越多的人属于新的新教教会。该项目的主要假设是，宗教是菲律宾人移民经历的核心，尤其是当他们在伊斯兰教或基督教圣地工作时。菲律宾宗教团体在本地和交易移民同胞之间创建社交社区和社交网络方面发挥什么作用？它是否促进了与东道主的关系？她们的信仰如何赋予女性在工作场所内外谈判地位和身份的能力？在神圣的风景中重新发现、实践和重新书写的信仰的象征和体验维度是什么？生活在基督教和伊斯兰教圣地的生活给移民回归者带来了什么样的文化资本？事实上，除了经济考虑之外，宗教是否会影响他们在特定国家工作的决定？作为老年人护理人员的菲律宾人通过宗教牺牲的观念以及关怀和责任的精神来构建自己的身份。该项目旨在揭示在家中照顾老年人是否赋予照顾者尊严、地位和独立决策权，以及它如何有助于跨国和多地点的更具包容性和包容性的“家”和家庭感。这两个中心目标决定了该项目的拟议地点：以色列、沙特阿拉伯、欧洲和菲律宾。有超过 30,000 名菲律宾人作为外国工人在以色列工作。大多数人的工作是照顾老年人、慢性病患者和残疾人。最近，过度驾驶者被警察残酷围捕并驱逐，要么返回家园，要么移居欧洲。沙特阿拉伯是最大的海外菲律宾移民社区的所在地，人数超过 90 万菲律宾人，其中约 10% 是穆斯林菲律宾人，主要是女性，从事卫生、护理或家庭佣工工作。与意大利一样，这些国家对移民来说具有重要的宗教意义。菲律宾基督徒历来想象与以色列的“国家亲密关系”，其基础是菲律宾人对犹太教基督教传统的强烈归属，而沙特阿拉伯是菲律宾南部穆斯林的伊斯兰教神圣象征中心，就像罗马是天主教徒一样。最近菲律宾人移民到英国又增加了一个比较维度。因此，该项目将调查宗教和关怀如何调解扩大“家”和归属感的观念，以及宗教团体如何为新来者和/或陷入困境的移民提供庇护所，以及领导力和演讲、慈善和庆祝活动的论坛。在此过程中，该研究将质疑菲律宾移民妇女无权且贫困的文化生活的刻板印象，挑战与其他民族和思想进行开放和创造性接触是国际化精英的保留和特权的观点，并通过提供关于重要的全球侨民社区的新实证数据以及增进我们对跨国背景下的性别和宗教信仰的理解，为整个 AHRC 计划做出贡献。