Youth Violence Exposure: A National Longitudinal Study

青少年暴力暴露：全国纵向研究

• 批准号: 7557944
• 负责人: DEAN Gaines KILPATRICK
• 金额: $ 3.46万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7557944
• 关键词: 17 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Age Reporting; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; American; Baseline Surveys; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding; Child; Childhood; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Dependence; Depression and Suicide; Development; Domestic Violence; Emotional; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Event; Exhibits; Exposure to; Family; Feeling suicidal; Female; Female Adolescents; Gender; Goals; Home environment; Household; Illicit Drugs; Income; Individual; Interest Group; Interview; Knowledge; Life; Link; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Major Depressive Disorder; Male Adolescents; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Minority; Modeling; National Survey of Adolescents; Nicotine; Numbers; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Performance; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Probability Samples; Problem behavior; Procedures; Process; Psyche structure; Punishment; Race; Range; Rate; Recording of previous events; Records; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Respondent; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Survey Methodology; Techniques; Telephone; Testing; Trauma; Update; Victimization; Violence; Youth; age effect; cohort; design; experience; follow-up; high risk sexual behavior; interest; male; peer; physical assault; programs; psychological distress; racial and ethnic; racial/ethnic difference; sexual assault; social; young adult; youth violence

The overall objective of this project is to obtain a 10 year update and extension of the 1995 National Survey of Adolescents (NSA) by conducting a three wave, longitudinal survey of a new national household probability sample of 12-17 year-old adolescents. The original NSA was conducted via telephone with a national household probability sample of 4,023 male and female adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17. The methods to be used for the proposed project are deliberately modeled after the original NSA. The proposed project will involve a baseline survey of a new cohort of 4,000 12-17 year-olds using identical sample selection and interview procedures as that in the original NSA. The proposed project will also include two additional assessments of adolescent participants to be conducted one and two years after the baseline assessment. As was the case with the odginal NSA, a structured interview will be used to measure a broad range of exposure to witnessed and direct violence victimization (e.g., sexual assault, physical assault, and physically abuse punishment) occurring in family, school, and community settings. Several types of mental health problems will be measured, including PTSD, major depression, suicide ideation and attempts, substance use and abuse, and delinquency. The study will also obtain information from parents as well as adolescents regarding academic performance. The proposed project will provide invaluable comparisons about changes over the past decade in violence exposure, substance use, and related adjustment issues among American youth. Although modeled after the NSA, the proposed project departs from the original in several important respects. First, the assessment of violence exposure in the proposed study is broader and more specific; specifically, assessment of physically abusive punishment will be expanded, and there will be a more comprehensive focus on episodes of school, domestic, and community violence to permit greater description of adolescents' exposure to violence in each of these important settings. Second, the range of outcomes assessed will be diversified beyond mental health, substance abuse, and delinquency to include academic performance, an important developmental marker of child adjustment, as well as risky sexual behaviors. Third, the proposed survey methodology is longitudinal. Thus, specific aims of the proposed project are: 1)To obtain prevalence rates and descriptive data regarding adolescents' exposure to violence (both direct and witnessed) across a range of settings (school, home, community), including sexual assault, physical assault, physically abusive punishment, domestic violence, community violence and school violence; 2) To determine whether there have been changes among a nationally representative sample of 12-17 year olds over the 1995-2005 period with respect to the prevalence of exposure to violence, mental health problems, and risk or protective factors for a range of adverse social and mental health outcomes given exposure to violence;3) To examine the longitudinal trajectory of exposure to violence, development of mental health and substance use, abuse problems, risky sexual behaviors, delinquency and changes in academic performance;4) To test the hypothesis that the relationship between adverse family environment and the outcomes of delinquency and poor academic performance are substantially mediated by exposure to violence and/or violence-related mental health problems; and 5)To test the extent to which the relationships described above are moderated by gender, race, and ethnicity.

该项目的总体目标是获得1995年全国人口普查的10年更新和延长 青少年(NSA)通过对新的全国家庭概率进行三波纵向调查 样本为12-17岁的青少年。最初的国家安全局是通过电话与一个全国性的家庭进行的 对4,023名年龄在12岁至17岁之间的男女青少年进行了概率抽样。 用于拟议的项目都是故意仿照最初的美国国家安全局。拟议的项目将涉及一个 采用相同的样本选择和访谈对4,000名12-17岁的新队列进行基线调查 程序与最初的美国国家安全局相同。拟议的项目还将包括两项额外的评估 青少年参与者将在基线评估后一年和两年进行。就像情况一样 美国国家安全局，一个结构化的面谈将被用来衡量广泛的接触目击者和 发生的直接暴力受害(例如，性侵犯、身体攻击和身体虐待惩罚) 家庭、学校和社区环境。将衡量几种类型的精神健康问题，包括 创伤后应激障碍，严重抑郁，自杀意念和企图，药物使用和滥用，以及犯罪。这项研究 还将从家长和青少年那里获得有关学习成绩的信息。建议数 该项目将提供关于过去十年暴力暴露、实质内容变化的宝贵比较 在美国青年中的使用和相关的适应问题。虽然是仿照美国国家安全局的做法，但拟议的 该项目在几个重要方面与最初的有所不同。第一，对儿童暴力暴露的评估 拟议的研究更广泛和更具体；具体地说，对体罚的评估将是 扩大了，将更全面地关注学校、家庭和社区的事件 为了更好地描述青少年在每一种重要环境中遭受暴力的情况，对暴力行为进行了更深入的描述。 第二，评估结果的范围将是多样化的，超越精神健康、药物滥用和 犯罪包括学业成绩，这是儿童适应的一个重要发展标志，以及 危险的性行为。第三，建议的调查方法是纵向的。因此，《公约》的具体目标 拟议的项目是：1)获得青少年接触以下物质的流行率和描述性数据 各种环境(学校、家庭、社区)的暴力(包括直接暴力和目击暴力)，包括性暴力 殴打、人身攻击、体罚、家庭暴力、社区暴力和学校暴力 暴力；2)确定具有全国代表性的12-17人样本中是否发生了变化 1995-2005年期间儿童遭受暴力的情况、精神健康状况 暴露于一系列不良社会和心理健康后果的问题和风险或保护因素 3)审查接触暴力的纵向轨迹、精神健康的发展和 药物使用、滥用问题、危险性行为、青少年犯罪和学习成绩变化；4) 检验不良家庭环境与犯罪后果之间关系的假设 而学习成绩不佳在很大程度上是由接触暴力和/或与暴力有关的影响造成的 精神健康问题；以及5)测试上述关系在多大程度上受到 性别、种族和民族。

项目成果

Risky behaviors and depression in conjunction with--or in the absence of--lifetime history of PTSD among sexually abused adolescents.

• DOI: 10.1177/1077559509350075
• 发表时间: 2010-02
• 期刊: Child maltreatment
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Danielson CK;Macdonald A;Amstadter AB;Hanson R;de Arellano MA;Saunders BE;Kilpatrick DG
• 通讯作者: Kilpatrick DG

Latent classes of adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder predict functioning and disorder after 1 year.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.01.004
• 发表时间: 2011-04
• 期刊: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• 影响因子: 13.3
• 作者: Ayer L;Danielson CK;Amstadter AB;Ruggiero K;Saunders B;Kilpatrick D
• 通讯作者: Kilpatrick D

Witnessed community and parental violence in relation to substance use and delinquency in a national sample of adolescents.

在全国青少年样本中目睹了与药物使用和犯罪相关的社区和父母暴力。

• DOI: 10.1002/jts.20469
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Journal of traumatic stress
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Zinzow,HeidiM;Ruggiero,KennethJ;Hanson,RochelleF;Smith,DanielW;Saunders,BenjaminE;Kilpatrick,DeanG
• 通讯作者: Kilpatrick,DeanG

Examining posttraumatic stress symptoms in a national sample of homicide survivors: prevalence and comparison to other violence victims.

检查全国凶杀幸存者样本中的创伤后应激症状：患病率以及与其他暴力受害者的比较。

• DOI: 10.1002/jts.20692
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Journal of traumatic stress
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Zinzow,HeidiM;Rheingold,AlyssaA;Byczkiewicz,Michelle;Saunders,BenjaminE;Kilpatrick,DeanG
• 通讯作者: Kilpatrick,DeanG

Ethnic/racial differences in the prevalence of injurious spanking and other child physical abuse in a National Survey of Adolescents.

全国青少年调查中伤害性打屁股和其他儿童身体虐待发生率的种族/种族差异。

• DOI: 10.1177/1077559510367938
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Child maltreatment
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Hawkins,AlesiaOscea;Danielson,CarlaKmett;deArellano,MichaelA;Hanson,RochelleF;Ruggiero,KennethJ;Smith,DanielW;Saunders,BenjaminE;Kilpatrick,DeanG
• 通讯作者: Kilpatrick,DeanG