MALT LIQUOR

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。酗酒会给非裔美国人带来社会、环境和医疗后果，并带来毁灭性的经济后果。这项拟议研究的总体目标是确定高酒精含量麦芽饮料与这种饮料在城市非裔美国人中增加消费模式的比例之间的关系，这一研究群体以前在大多数研究活动中都没有得到体现。麦芽酒作为导致酒精中毒或酗酒的特定因素的重要性，尚未在任何人群中进行重大程度的研究。这项研究解决了三个重要的问题：麦芽酒的消费与饮酒的开始、心理社会表型和酒精问题的发展，包括酒精滥用和依赖有何关联？麦芽酒的消费模式是否与年龄和社会经济地位有关？口服麦芽酒后在酒精吸收和/或消除方面是否存在药代动力学差异？提出了两个具体目标：(1)采用基于人群的研究设计，在300名城市非裔美国人的队列中，确定与酒精饮料偏好相关的特定用户特征，包括使用频率和消费水平、经济、心理社会、行为和环境因素以及ADH基因，并特别强调麦芽酒精偏好与这些因素的关系。还将探讨广告、烟草使用和灵性等因素在麦芽酒偏好发展中的贡献。根据这些数据，这些饮料的活跃、依赖和非依赖使用者的临床表型将被确定，以及(2)采用交叉研究设计，将招募60名年龄在21-25岁的健康的非酒精依赖的非裔美国人男性和女性，以确定和量化在急性口服不同酒精浓度的普通啤酒和/或麦芽酒后的酒精药代动力学的生物差异，使用包含旨在减少受试者变异性的内部对照的口服挑战模型。许多发展良好的受试者招募网站的可用性，以及在管理类似测试仪器和临床程序方面的现有培训/经验，NIH资助的能够支持口服酒精挑战研究的GCRC的可用性，以及NIAAA合作酒精研究中心的行政和科学基础设施，都加强了拟议研究的理由。通过这些研究，我们将确定影响麦芽酒偏好的关键因素，并描述酒精药代动力学假定差异的生物学基础。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Alcoholism produces social, environmental and medical outcomes in African Americans with devastating economic consequences. The overall goal of the proposed research is to determine the relationship between high alcohol content malt beverages and the contibution such beverages make to increased consumption patterns among urban African Americans, a study population previously underrespresented in most research activities. The significance of malt liquor as a contributing specific factor in alcoholism or alcohol abuse has not been studied to a significant degree in any population. This study addresses 3 important questions: How is the consumption of malt liquor associated with the onset of drinking, psychosocial phenotypes and the development of alcohol problems, including alcohol abuse and dependence? Are there differences in malt liquor consumption patterns related to age and socioeconomic status? Are there pharmacokinetic differences in alcohol absorption and/or elimination following oral ingestion of malt liquors? Two specific aims are proposed: (1) Using a population-based study design, identify specific user characteristics related to alcohol beverage preferences including use frequency and consumption levels, economic, psychosocial, behavioral and environmental factors, and ADH genotype among a cohort of 300 urban African American men and women with specific emphasis on the relationship of malt alcoholic preference to these factors. The contribution of factors such as advertising, tobacco use and spirituality in the development of malt liquor preference will also be explored. From this data, a clinical phenotype of an active dependent and nondependent user of these beverages will be identified, and (2) Using a cross-over study design, sixty healthy non-alcohol dependent African American men and women, aged 21-25 will be recruited to determine and quantify biological differences in alcohol pharmacokinetics following the acute oral consumption of regular beer and/or malt liquors of varying alcohol concentrations, using an oral challenge model containing internal controls designed to reduce subject variability. The rationale for the proposed study is strengthened by the availability of numerous well developed subject recruitment sites, and existing training/experience in the administration of similar test instruments and clinical procedures, availability of a NIH-funded GCRC with the ability to support the oral alcohol challenge studies, and the administrative and scientific infrastructure of a NIAAA Collaborative Alcohol Research Center. From these studies, our understanding of the critical factors influencing the preference for malt liquor will be identified and the biological basis for the presumed differences in alcohol pharmacokinetics will be described.