Computer-Based HIV Prevention Interventions for African-American Women

描述(由申请人提供)：有色人种妇女，特别是非裔美国妇女，受艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响不成比例。在2005年确诊的13岁及以上女性艾滋病病例中，非洲裔美国女性占66%，但只占美国女性人口的12%。为非裔美国女性量身定做的几种行为预防干预措施已经显示出在减少性危险行为方面的有效性。他们的成功复制受到了成本、实施困难和参与者留存问题的阻碍。拟议的项目旨在通过开发和经验验证针对非裔美国女性的有效的团体管理的艾滋病毒预防计划的计算机增强的、个性化的版本，来解决降低非裔美国女性艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率的这些障碍。具体目标包括：(1)提高服务机构忠实执行有效艾滋病毒干预措施的能力；(2)增加非裔美国女性参与有效的艾滋病毒干预措施；(3)最终减少非裔美国女性的性危险行为和艾滋病毒感染率。在第一阶段，我们开发了一个计算机增强的、个性化的多媒体版本的SITA，这是一个针对非裔美国女性的小组管理的艾滋病毒预防计划，已经证明在减少性危险行为方面是有效的。我们称这个计算机版本为撒哈拉，因为Sistas访问艾滋病毒/艾滋病资源只需点击一次。在第一阶段，我们还通过随机对照试验成功地验证了撒哈拉的有效性。在拟议的第二阶段继续中，我们将重复这些成功的开发和验证方法，并为非裔美国女性另外两个有效的团体计划：Sihle(适用于14-18岁的青少年)和Willow(适用于18岁及以上感染艾滋病毒的妇女)。再一次，数字化的Sihle和数字化的Willow将与他们的开发者吉娜·温古德博士和拉尔夫·迪克莱门特博士合作开发和评估。 公共卫生相关性拟议的研究将使卫生服务组织以低成本获得针对非裔美国青少年和妇女的有效艾滋病毒预防计划，并将促进这些计划具有成本效益和忠实的实施。它还将通过允许私下(即与计算机一对一)并按照灵活的时间表处理敏感问题，促进社区成员参与干预。最终，这将有助于减少非洲裔美国女性的性冒险行为和艾滋病毒感染率，她们受到艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情的影响不成比例。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Women of color, particularly African American women, are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. African American women account for 66% of estimated AIDS cases among women, aged 13 and older, diagnosed in 2005, but only 12% of the U.S. population of women. Several behavioral prevention interventions tailored for African American women have shown efficacy in reducing sexual risk behaviors. Their successful replication has been hampered by cost, implementation difficulties, and participant retention issues. The proposed project seeks to address these barriers to reducing HIV/AIDS rates in African American females by developing and empirically validating computer enhanced, individualized versions of efficacious group-administered HIV prevention programs for African-American females. Specific objectives include: (1) to increase service agencies' ability to implement efficacious HIV interventions with fidelity; (2) to increase African American females' participation in efficacious HIV interventions; and, (3) ultimately, to reduce sexual risk behaviors and HIV infection rates among African-American females. In Phase I we developed a computer enhanced, individualized, multimedia version of SiSTA, a group-administered HIV prevention program for African- American women that has demonstrated efficacy in reducing sexual risk behavior. We called this computer version SAHARA, for Sistas Accessing HIV/AIDS Resources At-a-click. In Phase I we also successfully validated the effectiveness of SAHARA through a randomized controlled trial. In the proposed Phase II continuation, we will repeat these successful development and validation methods with two additional efficacious group programs for African American females: SiHLE (for adolescents age 14-18) and WiLLOW (for women living with HIV age 18 and older). Once again, Digitized SiHLE and Digitized WiLLOW will be developed and evaluated in collaboration with their developers, Drs. Gina Wingood and Ralph DiClemente. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The proposed research will make efficacious HIV prevention programs for African American adolescents and women available to health service organizations at low cost, and will facilitate their cost-effective, faithful implementation. It will also promote community members' participation in the interventions by permitting sensitive topics to be addressed privately (i.e., one-on-one with the computer) and according to a flexible schedule. Ultimately, it will help to reduce sexual risk-taking behavior and HIV infection rates among African American women, who are disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic.