Trauma, Trauma Sequelae, and Substance Use in College

文献表明，相当数量的年轻人报告创伤暴露和相关的 创伤压力后遗症的时候，他们进入大学。其他学生将受到创伤， 在他们的大学经历中经历了后遗症。流行病学和临床文献 将创伤的病因和过程、创伤性应激后遗症（TSS）和物质使用（ESTA）联系起来。这 链接可以从社会学习（Social Learning，简称Social Learning）框架中理解，该框架将物质使用视为一种努力， 科普与持续创伤后遗症相关的心理困扰。此外，他还指出， 这些现象与环境有关，并受个人和环境因素的影响。虽然有关方面曾高度 创伤率，TSS，并在大学人群中，理论指导，前瞻性检查这些 奇怪的是， 实证文献 本研究旨在提供一个理论指导调查的动态过程中的创伤 压力后遗症和酒精，非法药物和烟草的使用。在线调查数据将 第一年分6波收集，随后每年分4波收集。数据将被收集 两所公立大学。纽约州立大学布法罗和格林斯伯勒的学生将通过电子邮件联系， 入学前的夏天，并将通过基于网络的调查筛选创伤暴露和创伤 压力后遗症根据这项筛选，将对1，004名（TSS和非TSS）学生进行抽样调查 以便跟进利用网络技术，学生将首先在每年秋季学期进行调查， 学院，并将评估多次，每年的研究。创伤， TSS和物质使用轨迹将使用潜在增长曲线模型进行检查。调解人（自我调解人） 有效性）和调节因素（性别、应对、社会影响）将与社会学习一致进行测试 理论和其他相关理论框架。创伤和TSS对大学辍学的影响 此外，亦会检讨收费率。这项研究将有助于形成对TSS-β-淀粉样蛋白关联的理解， 为大学生提供有针对性的物质使用干预措施的发展信息。调查结果还将 为大学管理人员提供有关学生流失和保留的宝贵信息。

The literature shows that a significant number of young adults report trauma exposure and associated traumatic stress sequelae by the time they enter into college. Other students will be exposed to trauma and experience resulting sequelae during their college experience. Epidemiological and clinical literature has linked the etiology and course of trauma, traumatic stress sequelae (TSS), and substance use (SUB). This link may be understood from a Social Learning (SLT) framework which views substance use as an effort to cope with psychological distress associated with ongoing traumatic sequelae. Further, SLT posits that these phenomena are reciprocally related, and are affected by individual and environmental factors. Despite high rates of trauma, TSS,and SUB in college populations, theoretically guided, prospective examination of these associations and factors affecting their course in college students have been curiously absent in the empirical literature. This research seeks to provide a theoretically guided investigation of the dynamic course of traumatic stress sequelae and alcohol, illicit drugs, and tobacco use in college students. On-line survey data will be collected in 6 waves in the first year and 4 waves each year for the subsequent years. Data will be collected at two public universities. Students at SUNY Buffalo and UNC Greensboro will be contacted by e-mail in the summer prior to matriculation and will be screened via web-based survey for trauma exposure and traumatic stress sequelae. Based on this screening, a sample of 1,004 (TSS and non-TSS) students will be targeted for follow-up. Using web technology, students will be surveyed first in the Fall semester of each year in college, and will be assessed multiple times each year of the study. Prospective associations among trauma, TSS, and substance use trajectories will be examined using latent growth curve modeling. Mediators (self- efficacy) and moderators (gender, coping, social influences) will be tested consistent with Social Learning Theory, and other relevant theoretical frameworks. The impact of trauma and TSS on university drop-out rates also will be examined. This research will help to shape understanding of the TSS-SUB association, and to inform the development of targeted substance use interventions for college students. Findings also will offer valuable information for university administrators regarding student attrition and retention.