Metabolic and Cognitive Consequences of Sleep Loss

描述(申请人提供)：慢性睡眠不足影响数百万美国人。睡眠时间短会增加体重增加、肥胖、糖尿病、代谢综合征和事故的风险。目前尚不清楚周末恢复睡眠的常见和自我选择的行为是否有助于防止睡眠不足对健康和安全的影响。此外，我们还不完全了解与睡眠不足相关的负面健康影响的生理和行为机制，也不完全了解这些生理系统中的一些变化发生的速度有多快。因此，我们设计了一项随机14-16天的实验室临床和翻译研究中心(CTRC)研究，使用全房间量热法、高胰岛素/正血糖钳夹和安全敏感的认知测试来解决我们知识中的这些关键缺陷。这项拟议的研究是由我们的NIH ARRA赠款“睡眠不足的健康和安全后果”设立的，我们提议的项目是这项研究工作的继续。该项目解决了NIH PA编号中概述的几个主题：PA-10-152通过测试以下特定假设来实现正能量平衡：i)慢性睡眠丢失将导致正能量平衡--一种导致体重增加的生理状态，周末恢复睡眠将使能量平衡恢复到接近基线水平；ii)慢性睡眠丢失将损害胰岛素敏感性，周末恢复睡眠将使胰岛素敏感性恢复到接近基线水平；iii)慢性睡眠丢失将损害认知，周末恢复睡眠将使表现水平恢复到接近基线水平。这项研究通过评估睡眠剥夺对大量营养素消费的影响以及饮食结构对睡眠丧失的生理反应的影响，对PA-10-152做出了回应。该提议的项目还符合美国国立卫生研究院国家睡眠障碍研究中心(NCSDR)2003年计划中对未来研究的以下最高建议：i)加强对睡眠减少或限制对行为以及神经生物和生理功能影响的了解；以及ii)慢性睡眠剥夺对非神经系统潜在方面的机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Chronic sleep loss affects millions of Americans. Short sleep schedules are associated with increased risk of weight gain, obesity, diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, and accidents. It is unknown if the common and self- selected behavior of weekend recovery sleep helps to protect against the health and safety effects of sleep loss. Furthermore, we do not fully understand the physiological and behavioral mechanisms that contribute to the negative health effects associated with sleep loss nor do we fully understand the time course of how quickly changes in some of these physiological systems occur. Therefore, we have designed a randomized 14-16 day in- lab Clinical and Translational Research Center (CTRC) study that uses whole room calorimetric, hyperinsulinemic/euglycemic clamps and safety sensitive cognitive tests to address these critical deficiencies in our knowledge. The stage for the proposed research was set by our NIH ARRA grant "Heath and Safety Consequences of Sleep Loss" and our proposed project is a continuation of this research effort. The project addresses several themes outlined in NIH PA NUMBER: PA-10-152 "Diet Composition and Energy Balance" by testing the following specific hypotheses: i) chronic sleep loss will lead to positive energy balance-a physiological state contributing to weight gain and weekend recovery sleep will restore energy balance to near baseline levels; ii) chronic sleep loss will impair insulin sensitivity and weekend recovery sleep will restore insulin sensitivity to near baseline levels; iii) chronic sleep loss will impair cognition and weekend recovery sleep will restore performance levels to near baseline. This research effort is responsive to PA-10-152 by assessing effects of sleep deprivation on macronutrient consumption and effects of dietary composition on physiological responses to sleep loss. The proposed project also meets the following highest recommendations for future research in the NIH National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (NCSDR) 2003 plan: i) enhance understanding of the impact of reduced or restricted sleep on behavior, and neurobiologic and physiologic functions; and ii) mechanisms underlying aspects of chronic sleep deprivation on non-neural systems.