Factors In Emergence of New Sleeping Sickness Foci In Uganda

摘要： 乌干达是非洲唯一一个拥有这两种人类形式的非洲国家 锥虫病(HAT)存在；慢性冈比亚病在西北部和 东南部的急性罗得森氏病。最近HAT的扩展从 从东南部的传统焦点到乌干达中部的新领土，以前 是无病的，最近都有报道。这两种疾病可能合并 乌干达中部的腰带将造成重大的公共卫生危机，因为 与这两种疾病相关的诊断和治疗。这个FIRCA将 调查导致近期中部地区疫源地扩大的因素 乌干达，以便能够实施有效的控制方法。建议进行的研究 以家长拨款(NIAID R01Al068932)的调查结果为基础，该基金解决了 褐纹藻Glossina F.fuscipes(GFF)的分子生态学和进化遗传学 罗德森斯和冈比亚分别集中在乌干达。家长助学金结果为 表明西北部冈比亚疫源地的采采族种群是遗传的 与东南部的罗得志中心有很高的分化。在这里，我们将调查 GFF的飞行是否从历史上存在帽子焦点的东南部地区扩张， 传播现正在乌干达中部出现的罗德西恩斯病。此外，我们还将 调查是否存在第二种媒介物种--苍斑潜蝇 通过提高动物的能力来维持罗得志流行病的持续 帽子的蓄水池。这项调查的结果将立即与 乌干达正在进行的病媒控制计划。这项提议还将导致显著的 在HAT流行病学理论和实验方法方面的能力建设 乌干达托罗罗的国家牲畜资源研究所，那里的大部分工作 将会被执行。

Summary: Uganda is the only country in Africa where both forms of the Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) disease exist; chronic gambiense disease in the northwest and acute rhodesiense disease in the southeast. Recent expansions of HAT from the traditional foci in the southeast to new territories in central Uganda, which previously were disease-free, have recently been reported. Possible merger of the two disease belts in central Uganda would create a major public health crisis given the differences in diagnostics and treatment associated with the two forms of disease. This FIRCA will investigate the factors contributing to the recent expansion of disease foci in central Uganda so that effective control methods can be implemented. The proposed studies build on the findings of the Parent Grant (NIAID R01Al068932), which addresses the molecular ecology and evolutionary genetics aspect of Glossina f. fuscipes (Gff) in the rhodesiense and gambiense foci in Uganda, respectively. Parent grant results have shown that tsetse populations in the gambiense foci in the northwest are genetically highly differentiated from the rhodesiense foci in the SE. Here we will investigate whether Gff flies expanding from southeast areas, where historical HAT foci exist, transmit rhodesiense disease now emerging in central Uganda. In addition, we will investigate whether the presence of a second vector species, Glossina pallidipes, may be fueling the maintenance of rhodesiense epidemics by enhancing the animal reservoirs of HAT. Results from this investigation will immediately be relevant for the ongoing vector control program in Uganda. This proposal will also result in significant capacity building both in theory and experimental methods on HAT epidemiology at National Livestock Resources Institute in Tororo Uganda, where the majority of the work will be performed.