Enabling Ultra Low Dose PET/CT Imaging

实现超低剂量 PET/CT 成像

• 批准号: 8338782
• 负责人: Paul E. Kinahan
• 金额: $ 72.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-27 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8338782
• 关键词: Abdomen; Address; Adopted; Affect; Cardiac; Clinical; Clip; Complex; Contrast Media; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose; Electronics; Error Sources; Evaluation; Filtration; Financial compensation; Goals; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Lead; Lesion; Lung; Manufacturer Name; Methods; Modeling; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Motivation; New Agents; Noise; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phase; Photons; Physics; Physiologic pulse; Positron-Emission Tomography; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Radiation; Reporting; Resolution; Sampling; Scanning; Signal Transduction; Staging; Techniques; Technology; Therapy Clinical Trials; Tomography, Computed, Scanners; Tracer; Translations; Tube; Tumor Volume; Variant; X-Ray Computed Tomography; attenuation; base; cancer imaging; cancer therapy; detector; image reconstruction; improved; innovation; interest; lung imaging; novel; oncology; respiratory; response; statistics; tool; treatment planning; tumor; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Imaging of cancer with combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanners has become a standard component of oncology diagnosis and staging. Furthermore, quantitative PET/CT is a valuable tool for assessment of an individual's response to therapy and for clinical trials of novel cancer therapies. PET/CT imaging of the lung and abdomen, however, is generally affected by patient respiratory motion, which can lead to underestimation of tracer concentration within a region of interest, overestimation of tumor volume, and mis-matched PET and CT images that yield attenuation correction errors, registration errors and tumor mis-localization. The first source of error (attenuation mismatch) can be addressed by performing CT-based attenuation correction using respiratory gated CT images that are phase-matched with the respiratory gated PET scans. The second source of error (motion blurring) can be addressed by methods using respiratory motion estimation and/or gating. The problem is that even with the lowest possible CT technique, the radiation dose is unacceptably high for diagnostic imaging procedures. Our goal is to reduce CT radiation dose dramatically, while improving PET image by reducing errors introduced by respiratory motion. This will enable more accurate PET/CT imaging by enabling compensation of respiratory motion induced artifacts. This is goal is feasible due to the requirements for the CT component of PET/CT imaging, which are different than those for diagnostic CT. The methods proposed here will (1) reduce radiation dose from CT-based attenuation correction methods and (2) provide routine and high quality compensation of respiratory motion artifacts in PET/CT imaging. This will improve the capabilities of quantitative PET/CT imaging in the development of badly needed therapies for cancer, in the evaluation of response to therapy by for an individual patient, and where lesion uptake is noted is a clinical report. The impact of respiratory motion for detection, a primary tool in diagnosis and staging is not clear, but has also not been properly evaluated yet. In addition, the ultra low dose CT methods developed here may be useful for other applications, such as pulmonary CT imaging, dynamic CT with contrast or new tracers, PET/CT guided radiation treatment planning, and PET/CT cardiac imaging.

描述（由申请人提供）：具有正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）扫描仪的癌症成像已成为肿瘤学诊断和分期的标准组成部分。此外，定量PET/CT是评估个人对治疗的反应和新型癌症治疗临床试验的宝贵工具。然而，肺和腹部的PET/CT成像通常受患者呼吸运动的影响，这可能导致在感兴趣的区域内，肿瘤体积高估以及错误匹配的PET和CT图像在示踪剂浓度中低估，并产生衰减校正校正，注册错误和肿瘤误差。可以通过使用呼吸门控的CT图像进行基于CT的衰减校正来解决误差的第一个源（衰减不匹配），这些CT校正与呼吸门控PET扫描相匹配。可以使用呼吸运动估计和/或门控的方法来解决第二个误差源（运动模糊）。问题在于，即使使用最低的CT技术，对于诊断成像程序，辐射剂量的高度也很高。我们的目标是大大减少CT辐射剂量，同时通过减少呼吸运动引入的错误来改善PET图像。通过实现呼吸运动引起的伪影的补偿，这将使更准确的PET/CT成像。由于对PET/CT成像的CT组件的要求，这是可行的，该目标与诊断CT不同。这里提出的方法将（1）减少基于CT的衰减校正方法的辐射剂量，（2）在PET/CT成像中提供了呼吸运动伪像的常规和高质量补偿。这将提高定量PET/CT成像的能力，以开发不需要的癌症疗法，评估单个患者对治疗的反应，并且注意到病变摄取的情况是临床报告。呼吸运动对检测的影响，诊断和分期的主要工具尚不清楚，但尚未正确评估。此外，此处开发的超低剂量CT方法可能对其他应用有用，例如肺CT成像，具有对比度或新示踪剂的动态CT，PET/CT引导的放射治疗计划以及PET/CT心脏成像。