Deterring Drunk Driving: Beliefs, Preferences, Outcomes, and Welfare Implications

阻止酒后驾驶:信念、偏好、结果和福利影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8308029
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2009-07-20 至 2016-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): How laws to reduce DWI and improve roadway safety work is not well understood. This 4-year study examines decision making of drivers as it is affected by law enforcement, and insurers, and based on our empirical findings, evaluates specific policy interventions. We will conduct/analyze data from 4 surveys; (1) 1,600 adults aged 18-54 in Raleigh and Hickory, NC; Philadelphia and Wilkes-Barre, PA; Milwaukee and La Crosse, WI; and Seattle and Yakima, WA; (2) 16 law enforcement agencies; (3) up to 60 automobile insurers and (4) 60 attorneys. We will obtain information on driver records from government sources and our survey of individuals. In Aim 1, Accuracy of Individual Risk Perceptions, we compare individuals' subjective beliefs about outcomes of drinking/driving, with objective data from our surveys, state, and other secondary sources and assess sources of variation in accuracy. In Aim 2, Effects of Risk Perceptions and Other Factors on Drinking and Driving Behaviors, we assess impacts of (1) subjective beliefs and (2) other factors (e.g., time and risk preference, internal cost of personal injury, altruism toward others, cognitive ability, demographic characteristics and income on drinking/driving behaviors. The focus of Aim 3, Asymmetric Information, Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard is on the market for motor vehicle insurance. Many people voluntarily purchase insurance above compulsory liability limits. The driver potentially knows much more about his/her alcohol consumption, driving habits and abilities than do insurers. Our analysis will contribute to assessing these issues using new and richer data sets; we will have the advantage of designing our questionnaire to address these issues. The economic analysis of adverse selection and moral hazard consists of 4 steps described in the proposal. We also perform a legal analysis of policy options to reduce the adverse effects of adverse selection. In Aim 4, Welfare Implications and Policy Analyses, we estimate a 2-stage model of drinking and driving behavior and insurance contract choice to be used to assess welfare costs of asymmetric information and specific public policy changes. Our analytic approach combines use of observational data on actual choices with behavioral responses elicited by our survey of individuals. At a minimum, the policies we will evaluate are: (1) increased enforcement of DWI laws as reflected in the arrest probability; (2). increased mandatory sentences; (3). increased experience rating in premium setting; and (4) an information campaign regarding how drinking and driving are related to accidents. We anticipate writing at least 9 papers. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Alcohol abuse is a major social problem in the U.S. as well as in other countries. Numerous laws and regulations exist, but little is known about the subjective or objective beliefs about the probability of consequences resulting from drinking and driving. This research examines the complex decision making process of drivers as it is affected by law enforcement and insurers, and based on the empirical findings, evaluates specific public policy interventions and their ability to effectively reduce drinking and driving behavior.
描述(由申请人提供):法律如何减少水灾和改善道路安全工作还不是很清楚。这项为期4年的研究考察了司机的决策,因为它受到执法和保险公司的影响,并基于我们的经验发现,评估具体的政策干预。我们将进行/分析来自4个调查的数据:(1)北卡罗来纳州罗利和希科里、宾夕法尼亚州费城和威尔克斯-巴雷、威斯康星州密尔沃基和拉克罗斯以及华盛顿州西雅图和亚基马的1600名18-54岁的成年人;(2)16个执法机构;(3)多达60家汽车保险公司和(4)60名律师。我们将从政府来源和我们对个人的调查中获得有关司机记录的信息。在目标1,个人风险感知的准确性,我们将个人对饮酒/驾驶结果的主观信念与我们的调查、州和其他次要来源的客观数据进行比较,并评估准确性的差异来源。在目标2,风险感知和其他因素对酒后驾驶行为的影响,我们评估了(1)主观信念和(2)其他因素(例如,时间和风险偏好、人身伤害的内部成本、对他人的利他主义、认知能力、人口统计特征和收入)对酒后驾驶行为的影响。目标3、信息不对称、逆向选择和道德风险的焦点是机动车保险市场。许多人自愿购买超过强制责任限额的保险。司机可能比保险公司更了解他/她的饮酒情况、驾驶习惯和能力。我们的分析将有助于使用新的和更丰富的数据集来评估这些问题;我们将有优势地设计我们的调查问卷来解决这些问题。对逆向选择和道德风险的经济分析由提案中描述的4个步骤组成。我们还对政策选择进行了法律分析,以减少逆向选择的不利影响。在目标4,福利影响和政策分析中,我们估计了一个酒后驾驶行为和保险合同选择的两阶段模型,用于评估不对称信息和特定公共政策变化的福利成本。我们的分析方法将对实际选择的观察数据与我们对个人的调查引发的行为反应结合在一起。至少,我们将评估的政策是:(1)如逮捕概率所反映的那样,加强执行酒后驾车法律;(2)增加强制执行刑期;(三)提高了在高级环境下的体验评级;以及(4)关于酒后驾车如何与事故相关的信息活动。我们预计将撰写至少9篇论文。与公共健康相关:酗酒在美国和其他国家都是一个主要的社会问题。存在许多法律和法规,但对酒后驾车造成后果的概率的主观或客观信念知之甚少。本研究考察了司机受执法和保险公司影响的复杂决策过程,并基于实证结果,评估了具体的公共政策干预及其有效减少酒后驾驶行为的能力。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Are people overoptimistic about the effects of heavy drinking?
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s11166-013-9172-x
  • 发表时间:
    2013-08-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.7
  • 作者:
    Sloan, Frank A.;Eldred, Lindsey M.;Xu, Yanzhi
  • 通讯作者:
    Xu, Yanzhi
Advantageous Selection, Moral Hazard, and Insurer Sorting on Risk in the U.S. Automobile Insurance Market.
美国汽车保险市场的优势选择、道德风险与保险公司风险排序。
  • DOI:
    10.1111/jori.12170
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Sloan,FrankA;Robinson,PatriciaA;Eldred,LindseyM
  • 通讯作者:
    Eldred,LindseyM
Is Major Depression Linked to Alcohol-Impaired Driving?
  • DOI:
    10.1080/10826084.2017.1318147
  • 发表时间:
    2017-12-06
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2
  • 作者:
    Pogue YZ;Hakes JK;Sloan FA
  • 通讯作者:
    Sloan FA
Alcohol-Impaired Driving and Perceived Risks of Legal Consequences.
饮酒受损的驾驶和认为法律后果的风险。
Depression, Alcohol Dependence and Abuse, and Drinking and Driving Behavior.
抑郁症、酒精依赖和滥用、酒后驾驶行为。
  • DOI:
    10.5455/jbh.20141115011440
  • 发表时间:
    2014
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Zhang,Ye;Sloan,FrankA
  • 通讯作者:
    Sloan,FrankA
{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}

FRANK A SLOAN其他文献

FRANK A SLOAN的其他文献

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

{{ truncateString('FRANK A SLOAN', 18)}}的其他基金

Effects of drug treatment courts on outcomes of adults and their children
戒毒法庭对成人及其子女结局的影响
  • 批准号:
    8218867
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Effects of drug treatment courts on outcomes of adults and their children
戒毒法庭对成人及其子女结局的影响
  • 批准号:
    8605870
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Effects of drug treatment courts on outcomes of adults and their children
戒毒法庭对成人及其子女结局的影响
  • 批准号:
    8424248
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Deterrent Effect of Specialty Courts for DWI Offenders
专门法庭对酒后驾车罪犯的威慑作用
  • 批准号:
    7789858
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Visual Impairment, Treatment and Effects on the Elderly
老年人视力障碍、治疗及其影响
  • 批准号:
    8039800
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Visual Impairment, Treatment and Effects on the Elderly
老年人视力障碍、治疗及其影响
  • 批准号:
    8149870
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Deterrent Effect of Specialty Courts for DWI Offenders
专门法庭对酒后驾车罪犯的威慑作用
  • 批准号:
    8046484
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Visual Impairment, Treatment and Effects on the Elderly
老年人视力障碍、治疗及其影响
  • 批准号:
    8316266
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Deterring Drunk Driving: Beliefs, Preferences, Outcomes, and Welfare Implications
阻止酒后驾驶:信念、偏好、结果和福利影响
  • 批准号:
    7894950
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
Deterring Drunk Driving: Beliefs, Preferences, Outcomes, and Welfare Implications
阻止酒后驾驶:信念、偏好、结果和福利影响
  • 批准号:
    8100378
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:

相似海外基金

Rational design of rapidly translatable, highly antigenic and novel recombinant immunogens to address deficiencies of current snakebite treatments
合理设计可快速翻译、高抗原性和新型重组免疫原,以解决当前蛇咬伤治疗的缺陷
  • 批准号:
    MR/S03398X/2
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
Re-thinking drug nanocrystals as highly loaded vectors to address key unmet therapeutic challenges
重新思考药物纳米晶体作为高负载载体以解决关键的未满足的治疗挑战
  • 批准号:
    EP/Y001486/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
CAREER: FEAST (Food Ecosystems And circularity for Sustainable Transformation) framework to address Hidden Hunger
职业:FEAST(食品生态系统和可持续转型循环)框架解决隐性饥饿
  • 批准号:
    2338423
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Metrology to address ion suppression in multimodal mass spectrometry imaging with application in oncology
计量学解决多模态质谱成像中的离子抑制问题及其在肿瘤学中的应用
  • 批准号:
    MR/X03657X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
CRII: SHF: A Novel Address Translation Architecture for Virtualized Clouds
CRII:SHF:一种用于虚拟化云的新型地址转换架构
  • 批准号:
    2348066
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
BIORETS: Convergence Research Experiences for Teachers in Synthetic and Systems Biology to Address Challenges in Food, Health, Energy, and Environment
BIORETS:合成和系统生物学教师的融合研究经验,以应对食品、健康、能源和环境方面的挑战
  • 批准号:
    2341402
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Abundance Project: Enhancing Cultural & Green Inclusion in Social Prescribing in Southwest London to Address Ethnic Inequalities in Mental Health
丰富项目:增强文化
  • 批准号:
    AH/Z505481/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
ERAMET - Ecosystem for rapid adoption of modelling and simulation METhods to address regulatory needs in the development of orphan and paediatric medicines
ERAMET - 快速采用建模和模拟方法的生态系统,以满足孤儿药和儿科药物开发中的监管需求
  • 批准号:
    10107647
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    EU-Funded
Ecosystem for rapid adoption of modelling and simulation METhods to address regulatory needs in the development of orphan and paediatric medicines
快速采用建模和模拟方法的生态系统,以满足孤儿药和儿科药物开发中的监管需求
  • 批准号:
    10106221
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    EU-Funded
Recite: Building Research by Communities to Address Inequities through Expression
背诵:社区开展研究,通过表达解决不平等问题
  • 批准号:
    AH/Z505341/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 38.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
{{ showInfoDetail.title }}

作者:{{ showInfoDetail.author }}

知道了