Malaria

说明（如申请者所提供）：请求为Fidel P. Zavala、Andrew P.沃茨、Kevin Marsh和卡罗莱纳V. Barillas-Mury组织的题为疟疾的Keystone专题讨论会提供支助。会议将于2013年1月20日至25日在路易斯安那州新奥尔良举行。疟疾影响数亿人，每年造成近100万人死亡。控制和最终消灭疟疾将需要协调一致的多学科努力，通过疫苗和抗寄生虫药物以及通过防止传播给脊椎动物宿主来减少寄生虫感染。在这次会议中，我们将促进讨论：1）对疟原虫感染的先天性和适应性免疫反应以及寄生虫如何干扰这些反应。我们还将讨论新佐剂和抗疟疾疫苗策略的开发。2)影响感染和抗药性发展的疟原虫细胞和种群生物学的基本方面。3)疟原虫传播，包括配子体发生和蚊媒中的疟原虫生物学。这包括寄生虫-蚊子相互作用的细胞和分子方面，实地研究，功能基因组学和潜在控制策略的发展。4)流行地区的严重疟疾，我们对人类和动物模型疾病的生理病理学的理解的最新进展，以及基于基因组的策略，以确定对严重疾病易感性的生物标志物。由于基础和转化疟疾研究是非常多学科的，2013年疟疾问题基石研讨会将汇集从基础分子研究到人口生物学等学科的研究人员。这次会议将促进思想交流，以加深我们对疟疾的了解，并制定新的控制措施。此外，我们预计，本次会议将使我们能够确定实地面临的下一代挑战并确定其优先次序。

Description (as provided by the applicant): Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia meeting entitled Malaria, organized by Fidel P. Zavala, Andrew P. Waters, Kevin Marsh and Carolina V. Barillas-Mury. The meeting will be held in New Orleans, Louisiana from January 20 - 25, 2013. Malaria affects hundreds of millions of people and causes nearly 1 million deaths per year. The control and eventual eradication of malaria will require a concerted, multidisciplinary effort to decrease parasite infectivity through vaccines and anti-parasitic drugs, and by preventing transmission to the vertebrate host. In this meeting we will promote discussion of: 1) Innate and adaptive immune responses to Plasmodium infection and how the parasite interferes with these responses. We will also discuss the development of new adjuvants and anti-malaria vaccine strategies. 2) Basic aspects of Plasmodium cellular and population biology that affect infection and the development of drug resistance. 3) Plasmodium transmission, including gametocytogenesis and Plasmodium biology in the mosquito vector. This includes cellular and molecular aspects of parasite-mosquito interactions, field studies, functional genomics and the development of potential control strategies. 4) Severe malaria in endemic areas, recent advances in our understanding of the physiopathology of disease in humans and in animal models, and genome-based strategies to identify biomarkers of susceptibility to severe disease. Since basic and translational malaria research is eminently multidisciplinary, the 2013 Keystone Symposia meeting on Malaria will bring together researchers working in disciplines ranging from basic molecular studies to population biology. This encounter will promote the exchange of ideas to both deepen our understanding of malaria and to develop novel control measures. Furthermore, we anticipate that this meeting will enable us to identify and prioritize the next generation of challenges faced by the field.