Neuroimaging of Nicotine Dependence, Depression and Emotion Regulation

尼古丁依赖、抑郁和情绪调节的神经影像学

• 批准号: 8541802
• 负责人: Brett Froeliger
• 金额: $ 35.78万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8541802
• 关键词: Abstinence; Adult; Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Cognitive Therapy; Comorbidity; Control Groups; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Diagnosis; Emotional; Evaluation; Exhibits; Failure; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hyperactive behavior; Individual; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Laboratories; Light; Maintenance; Major Depressive Disorder; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Nicotine Dependence; Nicotine Withdrawal; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pharmacotherapy; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Scanning; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Status; Stimulus; Techniques; Visit; Withdrawal; Work; addiction; affective neuroscience; analog; base; blood oxygenation level dependent response; brain behavior; cigarette smoking; cognitive control; cognitive training; cost; depressive symptoms; disability; effective intervention; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; executive function; information processing; insight; neural circuit; neural stimulation; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; nicotine replacement; non-smoker; novel; positive emotional state; relating to nervous system; response; smoking relapse; varenicline

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Smoking and affective function are closely intertwined and considerable research suggests that dysregulated affect is a primary factor in the maintenance of, and relapse to smoking. Smokers frequently cite withdrawal-induced negative affect (NA) as a primary factor for re-initiating smoking (i.e. smoking lapse). This is significant given that lapses are one of the best predictors of full-blown relapse. Smokers with major depressive disorder (MDD) smoke at significantly higher rates, report greater NA during abstinence and are at greater risk for relapse than non-depressed (ND) individuals. Although considerable work has been conducted to characterize the association between dysregulated affect and smoking among MDD and ND individuals, little work has focused on the neural bases of this association, and to our knowledge, no reported work has focused on the effects of smoking and depression on the ability to regulate affective processes (i.e. emotion regulation [ER]). Recently, we have demonstrated that smoking abstinence disrupts emotional function via its impact on frontal executive function. Moreover, this modulation appears to be greater among smokers with elevated depressive symptoms. Whereas those data provide novel insights into the role of withdrawal on emotional reactivity, they fail to inform the neural basis of smoking-depression comorbidity and their interactive effects on the proactive regulation of emotion. Identifying smoking-depression effects on ER is critical for understanding self-regulation failure in the context of addiction and mental illness. In addition, though increased NA precipitates smoking relapse, associations between ER and smoking relapse remain unknown. Therefore, the goal of this application is to use affective neuroscience to investigate the effects of smoking and depression on ER, and their interaction with smoking behavior. Our overarching hypothesis is that smoking abstinence will disrupt ER via its impact on frontal executive function and that depression will worsen the effects. Furthermore, we hypothesize that ER failure will be associated with smoking lapse behavior as modeled in the laboratory. Dependent smokers (n=60) with and without MDD will be scanned during an ER task on two occasions: smoking as usual, and 24hrs abstinent. A nonsmoker control group with and without MDD will also be scanned on two occasions. On a separate visit, NS and ABS smokers will receive a monetary reinforcement to perform the ER task, and for smokers, resist the opportunity to smoke ad lib. The proposed research is significant as it will shed new light on the neural mechanisms that govern associations between depression and smoking. Despite known and costly associations between these factors, little is known regarding their co-occurrence and such information will provide a foundation for the development of novel and more effective interventions. For instance, support for our hypotheses will guide the rationale development of targeted interventions for disrupted emotional information processing in smokers using neural stimulation (rTMS), behavioral (CBT) and/or pharmacologic techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟和情感功能密切相关，大量研究表明，情感失调是维持和复发吸烟的主要因素。吸烟者经常引用戒断引起的负面影响（NA）作为重新开始吸烟（即吸烟失效）的主要因素。这是重要 因为失误是复发的最佳预测因素之一。重度抑郁症（MDD）吸烟者吸烟率明显较高，在戒烟期间报告的NA更大，复发的风险比非抑郁症（ND）个体更大。虽然已经进行了大量的工作来描述MDD和ND个体中情感失调和吸烟之间的关联，但很少有工作关注这种关联的神经基础，据我们所知，没有报道的工作关注吸烟和抑郁对调节情感过程（即情绪调节[ER]）的能力的影响。最近，我们已经证明，戒烟通过其对额叶执行功能的影响破坏情绪功能。此外，这种调节似乎在抑郁症状加重的吸烟者中更大。虽然这些数据提供了新的见解，退出情绪反应的作用，他们没有通知吸烟抑郁症的神经基础及其相互作用的积极调节情绪。识别吸烟抑郁对ER的影响对于理解成瘾和精神疾病背景下的自我调节失败至关重要。此外，虽然增加NA沉淀吸烟复发，ER和吸烟复发之间的关联仍然未知。因此，本申请的目标是利用情感神经科学来调查吸烟的影响 和抑郁对ER的影响，以及它们与吸烟行为的相互作用。我们的首要假设是，戒烟会通过影响额叶执行功能来破坏ER，抑郁会加重这种影响。此外，我们假设ER失败与实验室模拟的吸烟行为有关。在ER任务期间，将在两种情况下对患有和不患有MDD的依赖性吸烟者（n=60）进行扫描：照常吸烟和戒烟24小时。患有和不患有MDD的非吸烟者对照组也将进行两次扫描。在单独的访视中，NS和ABS吸烟者将获得货币强化以执行ER任务，对于吸烟者，抵制随意吸烟的机会。这项拟议中的研究意义重大，因为它将为控制抑郁症和吸烟之间联系的神经机制提供新的线索。尽管这些因素之间的已知和昂贵的关联，很少有人知道他们的共同发生，这些信息将提供一个新的和更有效的干预措施的发展基础。例如，对我们假设的支持将指导使用神经刺激（rTMS），行为（CBT）和/或药理学技术对吸烟者的干扰情绪信息处理进行有针对性的干预的合理性发展。