Neural mechanisms mediating appetitive regulation and smoking in nicotine addiction

摘要 尼古丁成瘾是一个多方面的过程，涉及大脑回路失调，从而促进奖励和动机 (i.e.皮质纹状体的）。尽管文献中存在跨物种模型，但在人类文献中存在空白 关于调节食欲过程的皮质纹状体通路的作用，认知训练是否可以 重组电路功能，以及自我调节机制中的神经可塑性是否会改变食欲 行为，特别是吸烟。我们实验室的初步数据为我们的研究提供了初步支持。 发表的模型认为，通过正念导向恢复增强的认知控制训练 （更多），相对于药物奖励，提高非药物相关奖励的价值可能会纠正适应不良 食欲行为，渴望，和情感缺陷的重组奖励处理。这项提案的目的是 研究MORE对皮质纹状体介导的食欲反应和吸烟调节的影响。 吸烟者（N=100）将被随机分配至4周的MORE或CBT组，接受训练前/后的fMRI检查，完成一项 实验室为基础的吸烟复吸模拟任务，并随访2周，以评估神经元之间的关系， 功能、实验室行为和现实世界的吸烟。

ABSTRACT Nicotine addiction is a manifold process involving dysregulated brain circuitry subserving reward and motivation (i.e. corticostriatal). Despite extant cross-species models in the literature, there is a gap in the human literature concerning the role of corticostriatal pathways that regulate appetitive processes, whether cognitive training may restructure circuitry function, and whether neuroplasticity in self-regulatory mechanisms alter appetitive behaviors, in particular cigarette smoking. Preliminary data from our laboratory provide initial support for our published model positing that cognitive control training via Mindfulness Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE), to enhance valuation of non-drug related reward relative to drug reward may remediate maladaptive appetitive behaviors, craving, and affective deficits by restructuring reward processing. The goal of this proposal is to examine the effects of MORE on corticostriatal mediated regulation of appetitive responding and smoking. Smokers (N=100) will be randomized to 4-weeks of MORE or CBT, undergo fMRI pre/post training, complete a laboratory-based smoking relapse analog task, and be followed for 2-weeks to assess relations between neural function, lab behavior and real-world smoking.