Climate change and health: residential energy-efficiency for comfort and equity

由于极端天气事件的数量和严重程度随着全球气候的推进而增加 改变，了解对公共健康的影响，并确定改造的适应战略的优先顺序 城市基础设施建设显得更加紧迫。寒温带的建筑师和城市规划师 气候早已认识到使住宅结构风化以改善冬季气候的价值。 室内舒适性和降低公用事业成本。然而，人们对风化作用的贡献知之甚少。 进一步减少极端炎热天气对健康的负面影响的努力，以及这些努力如何 可能是为了缩小城市环境中的健康差距。我们的总体目标是减少 美国社区中与温度相关的健康差距。使用跨学科的方法，我们 建议创造新知识，帮助指导增强健康的住宅节能 措施。该模型将使用来自三个案例研究社区的数据-底特律、密歇根、克利夫兰、 俄亥俄州和华盛顿特区，在与温度相关的健康结果方面存在重要的社会差异 都已被记录在案。具体地说，我们建议1)更新和扩展现有的漏洞地图 到极端温度，基于更精细的邻居级别分析，使用结构， 环境、社会经济和人口数据，并评估房屋风化潜力 以减少这些脆弱性；2)模拟未来气候情景和邻近地区的变化 条件可能会影响易损性的分布和居民的室内舒适度 将在这些社区中体验；以及3)与KEY分享和讨论研究成果 利益相关者(例如安装者、公共卫生官员、社区领导人、城市官员)向城市 规划、公共卫生准备、社区改善和风化规划 与弱势群体有关的决定。

As the number and severity of extreme weather events increase with the advancement of global climate change, understanding the public health implications and prioritizing adaptation strategies for retrofitting urban infrastructure assumes greater urgency. Architects and urban planners in cold and temperate climates have long recognized the value of weatherizing residential structures to improve winter-time interior comfort and reduce utility costs. However, less understood is the contribution of weatherization efforts to additionally reduce the negative health effects of hot weather extremes and how these efforts might be targeted to lessen health disparities in urban environments. Our broad objective is to reduce temperature-related health disparities in U.S. communities. Using a trans-disciplinary approach, we propose to create new knowledge that will help guide health-enhancing residential energy conservation measures. This model will use data from three case-study communities- Detroit, Michigan, Cleveland, Ohio, and Washington, DC where important social disparities in temperature-related health outcomes have been documented. Specifically, we propose 1) to update and expand existing maps of vulnerability to extreme temperatures, based on a finer-scale neighborhood level analysis using structural, environmental, socio-economic, and demographic data, and evaluate potential for home weatherization to reduce these vulnerabilities; 2) to model how future climate scenarios and changes in neighborhood conditions might impact the distribution of vulnerability and the interior comfort conditions that residents will experience in these communities; and 3) to share and discuss research results with key stakeholders (e.g. installers, public health officials, community leaders, city officials) to inform urban planning, public health preparedness, community improvement and weatherization programming decisions relevant to vulnerable populations.