The Genetic basis of Natural Ionomic Variation

自然离子组变异的遗传基础

• 批准号: 8248794
• 负责人: MARY LOU GUERINOT
• 金额: $ 32.82万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8248794
• 关键词: Agriculture; Alleles; Attention; Automobile Driving; BTAF1 gene; Biochemical; Bioinformatics; Biotechnology; Chemistry; Chromosome Mapping; Cloning; Collection; Coupled; DNA; Developing Countries; Disease; Ecology; Environment; Epigenetic Process; Food; Future; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Models; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Genotype; Geographic Distribution; Goals; Haplotypes; Health; Human; Investigation; Iron; Laboratories; Link; Macronutrients Nutrition; Maintenance; Maps; Marines; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Methylation; MicroRNAs; Micronutrients; Minerals; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Molecular Genetics; Mouse-ear Cress; Nutrient; Organism; Phenotype; Physiological; Planet Mars; Plants; Plasma; Population; Population Genetics; Process; Property; Quantitative Trait Loci; RNA Interference; Recombinants; Regulation; Research; Resources; Role; Site; Small Interfering RNA; Solutions; Source; Spain; Surface; Sweden; Testing; Trace Elements; Transact; Transgenic Organisms; Variant; Zinc; base; climate change; cost; density; design; fitness; follow-up; gene function; genetic linkage; genome wide association study; improved; innovation; insight; interest; international health organization; life history; nutrition; positional cloning; public health relevance; research study; response; sample fixation; soil sampling; tool; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant).Evolutionary forces are known to drive the fixation of locally adaptive genetic variation within populations, and such variation is thought to be involved in the differential response to disease and pharmacological agents observed in human populations. Natural variation is well documented in plants, and plants provide an excellent model for investigations into its genetic origins, maintenance and adaptive significance. We aim to take advantage of the natural genetic variation that occurs between populations of the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to identify gene functions that vary between these natural populations. Such a set of polymorphic genes and gene functions will provide the essential tools required to uncover the genetic mechanisms that drive the fixation of locally adaptive genetic variation within a population. To link natural genetic variation to function, we have applied high-throughput Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) based elemental-profiling platform, in combination with genome-wide association mapping and traditional linkage mapping to reveal loci that drive natural variation in the plant's elemental- profile or "ionome" including P, Ca, K, Mg (macronutrients); Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Co, Ni, Se, Mo, I (micronutrients of significance to plant and human health); Na, As, and Cd (minerals causing agricultural or environmental problems). Using a combination of laboratory and field-based experiments we propose to uncover the adaptive benefit and evolutionary significance of these naturally occurring polymorphic ionomic loci, along with their molecular function, and underlying causal genetic and epigenetic basis. This information will help determine the evolutionary processes involved in adaptation of organisms to local environments. Such insights will help in predicting the extent and limits of possible future adaptations of plants to changes in the surface chemistry of the Earth driven by a changing global climate, and will have applications to optimizing the mineral content of food crops for improved human health. After all, plants provide the major source of nutrition for a large portion of the world's population. Relevance Mineral nutrient deficiencies, such as iron and zinc, remain worldwide health concerns. Biofortification of food crops based on our research offers a sustainable, low-cost solution to this problem. Indeed, biofortification was recently ranked in the top 10 biotechnologies for improving health in developing countries. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Mineral nutrient deficiencies, such as iron and zinc, remain worldwide health concerns. Biofortification of food crops based on our research offers a sustainable, low-cost solution to this problem. Indeed, biofortification was recently ranked in the top 10 biotechnologies for improving health in developing countries.

描述（由申请人提供）。已知发展力量可以推动人群中局部适应性遗传变异的固定，并且认为这种变异与人类种群中观察到的疾病和药理剂的差异反应有关。自然变异在植物中有充分的文献记载，植物为研究其遗传起源，维持和适应性意义提供了一个极好的模型。我们旨在利用遗传模型植物拟南芥种群之间发生的自然遗传变异，以识别这些自然种群之间变化的基因功能。这样的一组多态基因和基因功能将为揭示遗传机制所需的基本工具，这些工具可以推动人群中局部自适应遗传变异的固定。为了将自然遗传变异与功能联系起来，我们应用了高通量感应耦合血浆 - 基于基于基因组范围的关联映射和传统链接映射的基于基于基因组的元素 - 质谱平台（ICP-MS）的元素 - 质量谱图，以揭示该植物元素元素或“ irom profem or of p p p p，ca，ca，k，k，k，macr）的自然变化的基因座（ Cu，Fe，Zn，Mn，Co，Ni，Se，Mo，I（对植物和人类健康的重要性）； NA，AS和CD（矿物质引起农业或环境问题）。使用实验室和基于现场的实验的组合，我们建议揭示这些天然存在的多态离子基因座的适应性益处和进化意义，以及它们的分子功能以及基本的因果遗传和表观遗传基础。该信息将有助于确定适应生物对当地环境的进化过程。这种见解将有助于预测植物未来对未来适应地球表面化学变化的适应性的程度和限制，这是由于不断变化的全球气候所驱动的，并将应用于优化粮食作物的矿物质含量以改善人类健康。毕竟，植物为世界大部分人口提供了主要的营养来源。相关性矿物营养缺乏（例如铁和锌）仍然存在全球健康问题。基于我们的研究的粮食作物的生物实力为这一问题提供了可持续的低成本解决方案。实际上，最近在增强发展中国家健康状况的前十名生物技术中排名。 公共卫生相关性：矿物质营养缺乏，例如铁和锌，仍然存在全球健康问题。基于我们的研究的粮食作物的生物实力为这一问题提供了可持续的低成本解决方案。实际上，最近在增强发展中国家健康状况的前十名生物技术中排名。