Descriptive Studies and Record Linkage

描述性研究和记录链接

• 批准号: 8565445
• 负责人: William Anderson
• 金额: $ 16.12万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8565445
• 关键词: Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Acute; Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia; Acute Myelocytic Leukemia; Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia; Acute leukemia; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Anatomic Sites; Anatomy; Area; Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the United States; B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Biological; Birth; Burkitt Lymphoma; California; Cancer Death Rates; Cancer Etiology; Cancer Surveillance Research; Car Phone; Carcinogens; Categories; Characteristics; Childhood; Classification; Clinical; Computer software; Confidence Intervals; Contralateral; Data; Data Analyses; Data Linkages; Department of Defense; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics; Elderly; Estrogen Receptor Status; Ewings sarcoma; Exhibits; Family; Female; General Population; Geographic Locations; Glioma; Growth; Healthcare Systems; Hematopoietic Neoplasms; Hispanics; Histology; Human; Human Papillomavirus; Incidence; Individual; Institutes; International Agency for Research on Cancer; Intervention; Life; Localized Malignant Neoplasm; Malignant Bone Neoplasm; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of pharynx; Maps; Measures; Medical Surveillance; Military Personnel; Modeling; Molecular; National Cancer Institute; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupational Exposure; Oral; Oral cavity; Papillary Carcinoma; Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Parsley - dietary; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Population; Predisposition; Publishing; Race; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Rare Diseases; Relative (related person); Relative Risks; Renal Cell Carcinoma; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Rosa; SEER Program; Stage at Diagnosis; Subgroup; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocyte; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Time; Tobacco; United States; Update; Woman; World Health Organization; age group; aged; base; cancer risk; cancer type; cohort; demographics; frailty; geographic difference; high risk; immunosuppressed; improved; leukemia/lymphoma; lifestyle factors; male; malignant breast neoplasm; malignant tongue neoplasm; men; mortality; osteosarcoma; outcome forecast; population based; programs; rapid growth; sex; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; trend; tumor; tumor registry

General descriptive studies (00350): Previous studies have shown that declines in age-specific lung cancer death rates among women in the United States (US) slowed in women younger than age 50 years. However, in view of substantial geographic differences in anti-tobacco measures and sociodemographic factors that affect smoking prevalence, it is unknown whether this change in the trend was similar across all states in the US. Results of this study showed that age-specific lung cancer deaths rates declined continuously among women in California but less so or even increased in the remaining states, especially in several southern and Midwestern states. This unfavorable lung cancer trend in white women born after circa 1950 in certain states underscores the need for additional interventions to promote smoking cessation in these high-risk populations. Radiation exposure, particularly at a young age, is an established cause of breast cancer. However, it is not known whether radiation-related breast cancer risk varies by molecular subtype. We, characterized the relative risk (RR) of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) related to radiotherapy by histology and estrogen receptor (ER) status of the CBC. Results did not find any clear evidence that radiation-related risk varied by histology or ER status. Burkitts lymphoma (BL) in the general population and immunosuppressed persons with AIDS in the US was previously characterized by three age-specific incidence peaks near 10, 40, and 70 years. We hypothesized that BL from different geographical areas may also exhibit pediatric, adult, and elderly age incidence peaks. We investigated this hypothesis using data on 3,403 cases obtained from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (19632002). Age-specific incidence peaks occurred near 10 and 70 years in all geographic regions. A peak near 40 years of age emerged in the mid-1990s, particularly in men. We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program data for 71,446 cases diagnosed during 1975-2008 to classify oral cavity and pharynx cancers (OCPC) by anatomic subsite as potentially HPV-related or not, with oral tongue cancer considered a separate category. Total OCPC rates among men were 2-4 times those among women. Among whites, total OCPC rates rose in the younger age groups due to substantial increases in successive birth cohorts for HPV-related cancers, more rapid among men than women, and oral tongue cancers, more rapid among women than men. Black renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients tend to have poorer prognosis than white patients. We examined whether the racial disparity in RCC patient survival varies by demographic and clinical characteristics. Proportionally more blacks than whites were diagnosed with RCC under age 50 and with localized cancer. Overall, the 5-year relative survival rates were 72.6% (95% confidence interval 72.0% - 73.2%) for white and 68.0% (66.2% - 69.8%) for black patients. In view of mobile phone exposure being classified as a possible human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), we determined the compatibility of two recent reports of glioma risk (forming the basis of the IARCs classification) with observed incidence trends in the United States. Age-specific incidence rates of glioma remained generally constant in 1992-2008 (-0.02% change per year, 95% confidence interval -0.28% to 0.25%), a period coinciding with a substantial increase in mobile phone use from close to 0% to almost 100% of the US population. Since 2001, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification for hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms has provided a framework for defining acute leukemia (AL) subtypes, although few population-based studies have assessed incidence patterns and patient survival accordingly. We assessed AL incidence rates (IRs), IR ratios (IRRs), and relative survival in the United States (2001-2007) in one of the first population-based, comprehensive assessments. Most subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL/L) predominated among males, from twice higher incidence of T-cell ALL/L among males than among females (IRR=2.20) to nearly equal IRs of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) (IRR=1.08). Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics had significantly higher incidence of B-cell ALL/L (IRR=1.64) and APL (IRR=1.28); blacks had lower IRs of nearly all AL subtypes. All ALL/L but only some AML subtypes were associated with a bimodal age pattern. Among AML subtypes, survival was highest for APL and AML with inv(16). B-cell ALL/L had more favorable survival than T-cell ALL/L among the young; the converse occurred at older ages. The Armitage Doll model with random frailty can fail to describe incidence rates of rare cancers influenced by an accelerated biological mechanism at some, possibly short, period of life. We propose a new model to account for this influence. Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are primary bone cancers with characteristic age-incidence patterns that peak in adolescence. We analyzed SEER incidence data for whites younger than 40 years diagnosed during the period 1975-2005, with an Armitage Doll model with compound Poisson frailty. Our results support existing evidence of an underlying susceptibility for the two cancers among a very small proportion of the population. In addition, the modeling results suggest that susceptible individuals with a rapid growth spurt acquire the cancers sooner than they otherwise would have, if their growth had been slower. The new model is suitable for modeling incidence rates of rare diseases influenced by an accelerated biological mechanism. Mortality Rate Generator Software (00390): The online version of the Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the United States, 1950-94, published in 1999, has been updated to include data through 2004 and is publicly available at (http://parsley.cit.nih.gov/ratecalc). Users can create customized maps according to cancer, age groups, sex, and race. US Military Cancer Institute (USMCI)/NCI Collaborative Research Program (10382): To determine the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors among active duty males and compare it with the incidence in the general U.S. population, we used data from the Automated Cancer Tumor Registry and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program for cases diagnosed from 1990 to 2003 among men aged between 20 and 59 years by histology and stage at diagnosis. Trends in incidence tended to be similar in both the populations. Increases in thyroid papillary carcinoma incidence rates have largely been attributed to heightened medical surveillance and improved diagnostics. We examined papillary carcinoma incidence in an equal-access healthcare system by demographics. Incidence rates during1990-2004 among white and black individuals aged 20-49 years in the military and the general U.S. population were compared using data from the Department of Defenses Automated Central Tumor Registry and the National Cancer Institutes Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER-9) program. Incidence was significantly higher in the military than in the general population among white women [incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.25-1.61], black women (IRR=2.31, 95% CI=1.70-2.99), and black men (IRR=1.69, 95% CI=1.10-2.50). Heightened medical surveillance does not appear to fully explain the differences between the two populations or the temporal increases in either population. DCEG and USMCI researchers are also analyzing data on more than 9 million active and retired military personnel and their families to estimate cancer rates as well as study the effects of occupational exposures and lifestyle factors on cancer risk.

一般描述性研究（00350）：以前的研究表明，在美国年龄小于50岁的妇女中，年龄特异性肺癌死亡率的下降速度放缓。然而，鉴于反烟草措施和影响吸烟率的社会人口因素存在巨大的地理差异，尚不清楚这种趋势的变化是否在美国所有州都相似。这项研究的结果表明，加利福尼亚妇女的年龄特异性肺癌死亡率持续下降，但在其他州，特别是在南部和中西部的几个州，下降幅度较小，甚至有所增加。在某些州，大约1950年以后出生的白人妇女患肺癌的不利趋势强调了在这些高危人群中进行额外干预以促进戒烟的必要性。辐射暴露，特别是在年轻时，是乳腺癌的一个确定原因。然而，尚不清楚与辐射相关的乳腺癌风险是否因分子亚型而异。我们通过组织学和对侧乳腺癌（CBC）的雌激素受体（ER）状态来表征与放疗相关的对侧乳腺癌（CBC）的相对风险（RR）。结果没有发现任何明确的证据表明辐射相关风险因组织学或ER状况而异。在美国，普通人群和免疫抑制的艾滋病患者中的伯基茨淋巴瘤（BL）以前的特点是在10岁、40岁和70岁附近有三个年龄特异性发病率高峰。我们假设来自不同地理区域的BL也可能表现为儿童、成人和老年人的发病率高峰。我们使用从国际癌症研究机构（1963 - 2002）获得的3403例病例的数据来调查这一假设。在所有地理区域，按年龄划分的发病率高峰发生在10岁和70岁附近。上世纪90年代中期，在40岁左右出现了一个高峰，尤其是男性。我们使用了1975-2008年间71446例诊断病例的监测、流行病学和最终结果项目数据，根据解剖亚位点将口腔和咽喉癌（OCPC）分类为潜在的hpv相关或不相关，而口腔癌被认为是一个单独的类别。男性的OCPC总发病率是女性的2-4倍。在白人中，由于连续出生的人群中hpv相关癌症（男性比女性更快）和口腔癌（女性比男性更快）的大量增加，年轻年龄组的OCPC总发病率上升。黑色肾细胞癌（RCC）患者的预后往往比白色肾细胞癌患者差。我们研究了RCC患者生存的种族差异是否因人口学和临床特征而异。在比例上，50岁以下的黑人比白人更容易被诊断为小细胞癌和局部癌症。总体而言，白人患者的5年相对生存率为72.6%(95%可信区间为72.0% - 73.2%)，黑人患者为68.0%（66.2% - 69.8%）。鉴于手机暴露被国际癌症研究机构（IARC）列为可能的人类致癌物，我们确定了最近两份关于胶质瘤风险的报告（构成IARC分类的基础）与观察到的美国发病率趋势的兼容性。1992-2008年，胶质瘤的年龄特异性发病率基本保持不变（每年-0.02%的变化，95%置信区间-0.28%至0.25%），与此同时，美国人口中移动电话的使用从接近0%大幅增加到几乎100%。自2001年以来，世界卫生组织（WHO）对造血和淋巴肿瘤的分类为定义急性白血病（AL）亚型提供了一个框架，尽管很少有基于人群的研究相应地评估了发病率模式和患者生存率。我们在美国（2001-2007）首次基于人群的综合评估中评估了AL发病率（IRs）、IR比率（IRRs）和相对生存率。大多数急性髓性白血病（AML）和急性淋巴细胞白血病/淋巴瘤（ALL/L）亚型以男性为主，从男性的t细胞ALL/L发病率是女性的两倍（IRR=2.20）到急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）的ir几乎相等（IRR=1.08）。与非西班牙裔白人相比，西班牙裔白人的b细胞ALL/L （IRR=1.64）和APL （IRR=1.28）的发生率显著更高；黑人几乎所有AL亚型的IRs都较低。所有的All /L，但只有一些AML亚型与双峰年龄模式相关。在AML亚型中，APL和AML伴inv的生存率最高（16）。在年轻人中，b细胞ALL/L比t细胞ALL/L更有利于生存；相反的情况发生在老年人身上。具有随机脆弱性的阿米蒂奇娃娃模型可能无法描述在某些（可能是短的）生命周期内受加速的生物机制影响的罕见癌症的发病率。我们提出了一个新的模型来解释这种影响。骨肉瘤和尤文氏肉瘤是原发性骨癌，具有典型的年龄-发病率模式，在青春期达到高峰。我们分析了1975-2005年诊断为40岁以下白人的SEER发病率数据，采用复合泊松虚弱的阿米蒂奇娃娃模型。我们的研究结果支持了现有的证据，即在很小一部分人群中存在这两种癌症的潜在易感性。此外，建模结果表明，快速生长的易感个体比生长较慢的易感个体更早患上癌症。该模型适用于受加速生物机制影响的罕见病发病率的建模。死亡率生成器软件（00390）：1999年出版的美国1950- 1994年癌症死亡率地图集的在线版本已更新，包括截至2004年的数据，并可在（http://parsley.cit.nih.gov/ratecalc）上公开获得。用户可以根据癌症、年龄、性别和种族创建定制地图。美国军事癌症研究所(USMCI)/NCI合作研究项目（10382）：为了确定现役男性睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤的发病率，并将其与美国普通人群的发病率进行比较，我们使用了来自癌症肿瘤自动登记和监测、流行病学和最终结果项目的数据，这些数据来自1990年至2003年诊断的20至59岁男性的组织学和诊断阶段。两种人群的发病率趋势趋于相似。甲状腺乳头状癌发病率的增加在很大程度上归因于医疗监测的加强和诊断的改进。我们检查乳头状癌发病率在一个平等获得医疗保健系统的人口统计学。在1990-2004年期间，20-49岁的白人和黑人在军队和普通美国人群中的发病率进行了比较，使用的数据来自国防部自动中央肿瘤登记处和国家癌症研究所监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER-9）项目。军人、黑人女性（IRR=2.31, 95% CI=1.70-2.99）和黑人男性（IRR=1.69, 95% CI=1.10-2.50）的发病率显著高于普通人群[发病率比(IRR)=1.42, 95%置信区间(CI)=1.25-1.61]。加强医疗监测似乎并不能完全解释两种人群之间的差异，也不能完全解释两种人群的时间增长。DCEG和USMCI的研究人员还分析了900多万现役和退役军人及其家属的数据，以估计癌症发病率，并研究职业暴露和生活方式因素对癌症风险的影响。