Descriptive Studies and Record Linkage

描述性研究和记录链接

• 批准号: 8565445
• 负责人: William Anderson
• 金额: $ 16.12万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8565445
• 关键词: Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Acute; Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia; Acute Myelocytic Leukemia; Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia; Acute leukemia; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Anatomic Sites; Anatomy; Area; Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the United States; B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Biological; Birth; Burkitt Lymphoma; California; Cancer Death Rates; Cancer Etiology; Cancer Surveillance Research; Car Phone; Carcinogens; Categories; Characteristics; Childhood; Classification; Clinical; Computer software; Confidence Intervals; Contralateral; Data; Data Analyses; Data Linkages; Department of Defense; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics; Elderly; Estrogen Receptor Status; Ewings sarcoma; Exhibits; Family; Female; General Population; Geographic Locations; Glioma; Growth; Healthcare Systems; Hematopoietic Neoplasms; Hispanics; Histology; Human; Human Papillomavirus; Incidence; Individual; Institutes; International Agency for Research on Cancer; Intervention; Life; Localized Malignant Neoplasm; Malignant Bone Neoplasm; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of pharynx; Maps; Measures; Medical Surveillance; Military Personnel; Modeling; Molecular; National Cancer Institute; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupational Exposure; Oral; Oral cavity; Papillary Carcinoma; Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Parsley - dietary; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Population; Predisposition; Publishing; Race; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Rare Diseases; Relative (related person); Relative Risks; Renal Cell Carcinoma; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Rosa; SEER Program; Stage at Diagnosis; Subgroup; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocyte; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Time; Tobacco; United States; Update; Woman; World Health Organization; age group; aged; base; cancer risk; cancer type; cohort; demographics; frailty; geographic difference; high risk; immunosuppressed; improved; leukemia/lymphoma; lifestyle factors; male; malignant breast neoplasm; malignant tongue neoplasm; men; mortality; osteosarcoma; outcome forecast; population based; programs; rapid growth; sex; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; trend; tumor; tumor registry

General descriptive studies (00350): Previous studies have shown that declines in age-specific lung cancer death rates among women in the United States (US) slowed in women younger than age 50 years. However, in view of substantial geographic differences in anti-tobacco measures and sociodemographic factors that affect smoking prevalence, it is unknown whether this change in the trend was similar across all states in the US. Results of this study showed that age-specific lung cancer deaths rates declined continuously among women in California but less so or even increased in the remaining states, especially in several southern and Midwestern states. This unfavorable lung cancer trend in white women born after circa 1950 in certain states underscores the need for additional interventions to promote smoking cessation in these high-risk populations. Radiation exposure, particularly at a young age, is an established cause of breast cancer. However, it is not known whether radiation-related breast cancer risk varies by molecular subtype. We, characterized the relative risk (RR) of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) related to radiotherapy by histology and estrogen receptor (ER) status of the CBC. Results did not find any clear evidence that radiation-related risk varied by histology or ER status. Burkitts lymphoma (BL) in the general population and immunosuppressed persons with AIDS in the US was previously characterized by three age-specific incidence peaks near 10, 40, and 70 years. We hypothesized that BL from different geographical areas may also exhibit pediatric, adult, and elderly age incidence peaks. We investigated this hypothesis using data on 3,403 cases obtained from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (19632002). Age-specific incidence peaks occurred near 10 and 70 years in all geographic regions. A peak near 40 years of age emerged in the mid-1990s, particularly in men. We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program data for 71,446 cases diagnosed during 1975-2008 to classify oral cavity and pharynx cancers (OCPC) by anatomic subsite as potentially HPV-related or not, with oral tongue cancer considered a separate category. Total OCPC rates among men were 2-4 times those among women. Among whites, total OCPC rates rose in the younger age groups due to substantial increases in successive birth cohorts for HPV-related cancers, more rapid among men than women, and oral tongue cancers, more rapid among women than men. Black renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients tend to have poorer prognosis than white patients. We examined whether the racial disparity in RCC patient survival varies by demographic and clinical characteristics. Proportionally more blacks than whites were diagnosed with RCC under age 50 and with localized cancer. Overall, the 5-year relative survival rates were 72.6% (95% confidence interval 72.0% - 73.2%) for white and 68.0% (66.2% - 69.8%) for black patients. In view of mobile phone exposure being classified as a possible human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), we determined the compatibility of two recent reports of glioma risk (forming the basis of the IARCs classification) with observed incidence trends in the United States. Age-specific incidence rates of glioma remained generally constant in 1992-2008 (-0.02% change per year, 95% confidence interval -0.28% to 0.25%), a period coinciding with a substantial increase in mobile phone use from close to 0% to almost 100% of the US population. Since 2001, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification for hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms has provided a framework for defining acute leukemia (AL) subtypes, although few population-based studies have assessed incidence patterns and patient survival accordingly. We assessed AL incidence rates (IRs), IR ratios (IRRs), and relative survival in the United States (2001-2007) in one of the first population-based, comprehensive assessments. Most subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL/L) predominated among males, from twice higher incidence of T-cell ALL/L among males than among females (IRR=2.20) to nearly equal IRs of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) (IRR=1.08). Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics had significantly higher incidence of B-cell ALL/L (IRR=1.64) and APL (IRR=1.28); blacks had lower IRs of nearly all AL subtypes. All ALL/L but only some AML subtypes were associated with a bimodal age pattern. Among AML subtypes, survival was highest for APL and AML with inv(16). B-cell ALL/L had more favorable survival than T-cell ALL/L among the young; the converse occurred at older ages. The Armitage Doll model with random frailty can fail to describe incidence rates of rare cancers influenced by an accelerated biological mechanism at some, possibly short, period of life. We propose a new model to account for this influence. Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are primary bone cancers with characteristic age-incidence patterns that peak in adolescence. We analyzed SEER incidence data for whites younger than 40 years diagnosed during the period 1975-2005, with an Armitage Doll model with compound Poisson frailty. Our results support existing evidence of an underlying susceptibility for the two cancers among a very small proportion of the population. In addition, the modeling results suggest that susceptible individuals with a rapid growth spurt acquire the cancers sooner than they otherwise would have, if their growth had been slower. The new model is suitable for modeling incidence rates of rare diseases influenced by an accelerated biological mechanism. Mortality Rate Generator Software (00390): The online version of the Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the United States, 1950-94, published in 1999, has been updated to include data through 2004 and is publicly available at (http://parsley.cit.nih.gov/ratecalc). Users can create customized maps according to cancer, age groups, sex, and race. US Military Cancer Institute (USMCI)/NCI Collaborative Research Program (10382): To determine the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors among active duty males and compare it with the incidence in the general U.S. population, we used data from the Automated Cancer Tumor Registry and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program for cases diagnosed from 1990 to 2003 among men aged between 20 and 59 years by histology and stage at diagnosis. Trends in incidence tended to be similar in both the populations. Increases in thyroid papillary carcinoma incidence rates have largely been attributed to heightened medical surveillance and improved diagnostics. We examined papillary carcinoma incidence in an equal-access healthcare system by demographics. Incidence rates during1990-2004 among white and black individuals aged 20-49 years in the military and the general U.S. population were compared using data from the Department of Defenses Automated Central Tumor Registry and the National Cancer Institutes Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER-9) program. Incidence was significantly higher in the military than in the general population among white women [incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.25-1.61], black women (IRR=2.31, 95% CI=1.70-2.99), and black men (IRR=1.69, 95% CI=1.10-2.50). Heightened medical surveillance does not appear to fully explain the differences between the two populations or the temporal increases in either population. DCEG and USMCI researchers are also analyzing data on more than 9 million active and retired military personnel and their families to estimate cancer rates as well as study the effects of occupational exposures and lifestyle factors on cancer risk.

一般描述性研究 (00350)：之前的研究表明，美国 (US) 50 岁以下女性的特定年龄肺癌死亡率下降速度放缓。然而，鉴于反烟草措施和影响吸烟率的社会人口因素存在巨大的地理差异，目前尚不清楚美国所有州的这种趋势变化是否相似。这项研究的结果表明，加利福尼亚州女性的特定年龄肺癌死亡率持续下降，但其余各州的情况有所下降，甚至有所上升，特别是在南部和中西部的几个州。在某些州，1950 年左右出生的白人女性患肺癌的不利趋势凸显了需要采取额外的干预措施来促进这些高危人群戒烟。辐射暴露，特别是在年轻时，是乳腺癌的一个确定原因。然而，尚不清楚与辐射相关的乳腺癌风险是否因分子亚型而异。我们通过组织学和 CBC 的雌激素受体 (ER) 状态来表征与放疗相关的对侧乳腺癌 (CBC) 的相对风险 (RR)。结果没有发现任何明确的证据表明辐射相关风险因组织学或 ER 状态而异。美国普通人群和免疫抑制艾滋病患者中的伯基茨淋巴瘤 (BL) 以前的特点是在 10 岁、40 岁和 70 岁附近出现三个特定年龄的发病高峰。我们假设来自不同地理区域的 BL 也可能表现出儿童、成人和老年人的发病率高峰。我们使用从国际癌症研究机构 (19632002) 获得的 3,403 例病例数据调查了这一假设。所有地理区域的特定年龄发病率峰值均出现在 10 岁和 70 岁左右。 20 世纪 90 年代中期，40 岁左右出现了高峰，尤其是男性。我们使用了 1975 年至 2008 年期间诊断的 71,446 例病例的监测、流行病学和最终结果计划数据，按解剖亚位点将口腔癌和咽癌 (OCPC) 分类为可能与 HPV 相关或无关，其中口腔舌癌被视为一个单独的类别。男性的 OCPC 总发生率是女性的 2-4 倍。在白人中，年轻年龄组的 OCPC 总发病率有所上升，因为 HPV 相关癌症的连续出生队列大幅增加（男性比女性更快）和口腔舌癌（女性比男性更快）。黑人肾细胞癌（RCC）患者的预后往往比白人患者更差。我们研究了 RCC 患者生存率的种族差异是否因人口统计和临床特征而异。 50 岁以下被诊断患有肾细胞癌和局部癌症的黑人比例高于白人。总体而言，白人患者的 5 年相对生存率为 72.6%（95% 置信区间 72.0% - 73.2%），黑人患者为 68.0%（66.2% - 69.8%）。鉴于国际癌症研究机构 (IARC) 将手机暴露列为可能的人类致癌物，我们确定了最近两份神经胶质瘤风险报告（构成 IARC 分类的基础）与在美国观察到的发病率趋势的兼容性。 1992年至2008年间，神经胶质瘤的特定年龄发病率基本保持不变（每年变化-0.02%，95%置信区间-0.28%至0.25%），这一时期恰逢美国人口的移动电话使用率从接近0%大幅增加到几乎100%。自 2001 年以来，世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的造血系统和淋巴肿瘤分类为定义急性白血病 (AL) 亚型提供了框架，尽管很少有基于人群的研究相应地评估了发病模式和患者生存率。我们在第一个基于人群的综合评估中评估了美国（2001-2007 年）的 AL 发病率 (IR)、IR 比率 (IRR) 和相对生存率。急性髓系白血病 (AML) 和急性淋巴细胞白血病/淋巴瘤 (ALL/L) 的大多数亚型以男性为主，男性 T 细胞 ALL/L 的发病率是女性的两倍 (IRR=2.20)，而急性早幼粒细胞白血病 (APL) 的 IR 几乎相等 (IRR=1.08)。与非西班牙裔白人相比，西班牙裔人的 B 细胞 ALL/L (IRR=1.64) 和 APL (IRR=1.28) 发生率显着更高；黑人几乎所有 AL 亚型的 IR 均较低。所有 ALL/L 但仅某些 AML 亚型均与双峰年龄模式相关。在 AML 亚型中，APL 和 inv(16) 的 AML 的生存率最高。在年轻人中，B 细胞 ALL/L 比 T 细胞 ALL/L 的存活率更高；年龄较大时则相反。具有随机脆弱性的阿米蒂奇娃娃模型可能无法描述在某些（可能是短暂的）生命周期中受加速生物机制影响的罕见癌症的发病率。我们提出了一个新模型来解释这种影响。骨肉瘤和尤文肉瘤是原发性骨癌，具有特征性的年龄发病模式，在青春期达到高峰。我们使用具有复合泊松脆弱性的阿米蒂奇娃娃模型分析了 1975 年至 2005 年期间诊断的 40 岁以下白人的 SEER 发病率数据。我们的结果支持现有证据，表明极小部分人群对这两种癌症具有潜在的易感性。此外，建模结果表明，快速生长的易感个体比生长较慢的人更容易患上癌症。新模型适用于对受加速生物机制影响的罕见疾病的发病率进行建模。死亡率生成器软件 (00390)：1999 年出版的《1950-94 年美国癌症死亡率图集》的在线版本已更新为包括 2004 年的数据，并可在 (http://parsley.cit.nih.gov/ratecalc) 上公开获取。用户可以根据癌症、年龄组、性别和种族创建定制地图。美国军事癌症研究所 (USMCI)/NCI 合作研究计划 (10382)：为了确定现役男性睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤的发病率，并将其与美国普通人群的发病率进行比较，我们使用了来自自动癌症肿瘤登记和监测、流行病学和最终结果计划的数据，对 1990 年至 2003 年诊断的 20 岁至 59 岁男性病例进行组织学和分期。诊断。两个人群的发病率趋势趋于相似。甲状腺乳头状癌发病率的增加很大程度上归因于医疗监测的加强和诊断的改进。我们通过人口统计调查了平等医疗保健系统中乳头状癌的发病率。使用国防部自动中央肿瘤登记处和国家癌症研究所监测、流行病学和最终结果 (SEER-9) 计划的数据，对 1990 年至 2004 年军队中 20 岁至 49 岁的白人和黑人以及美国普通民众的发病率进行了比较。在白人女性[发病率比（IRR）=1.42，95%置信区间（CI）=1.25-1.61]、黑人女性（IRR=2.31，95% CI=1.70-2.99）和黑人男性（IRR=1.69，95% CI=1.10-2.50）中，军队中的发病率明显高于普通人群。加强医疗监测似乎并不能完全解释这两个人群之间的差异或任一人群的时间增长。 DCEG 和 USMCI 研究人员还在分析超过 900 万现役和退役军人及其家人的数据，以估计癌症发病率，并研究职业暴露和生活方式因素对癌症风险的影响。