Descriptive Studies and Record Linkage

描述性研究和记录链接

• 批准号: 7966681
• 负责人: William Anderson
• 金额: $ 179.34万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7966681
• 关键词: Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Anatomic Sites; Anus; Area; Asians; Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the United States; Autoimmune Diseases; B-Lymphocytes; Biological; Biology; Birth; Breast Cancer Risk Factor; Burkitt Lymphoma; Calendar; Cancer Etiology; Cancer Surveillance Research; Catchment Area; Categories; Caucasoid Race; Characteristics; Childhood; Childhood Burkitt' s Lymphoma; Classification; Clinical; Cohort Effect; Colorectal Cancer; Communicable Diseases; Computer software; Cutaneous; Cutaneous Lymphoma; Data; Data Analyses; Data Linkages; Databases; Descriptive Epidemiology; Detection; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Procedure; Disease; Disease susceptibility; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics; Early Diagnosis; Elderly; Endometrial Carcinoma; Epithelial ovarian cancer; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Estrogen receptor positive; Ethnic group; Evaluation; Family; Female; Female Breast Carcinoma; Female breast; Female genitalia; Formalin; Future; Gallbladder; Gender; Hawaii; Head and Neck Cancer; Head and neck structure; Heterogeneity; Hispanics; Histologic; Hospitalization; Incidence; Inflammatory; Inpatients; Institutes; Iowa; Kaposi Sarcoma; Laboratories; Lip Cancer; Lymphoma; Male Genital Organs; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri; Malignant neoplasm of esophagus; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of male breast; Malignant neoplasm of ovary; Malignant neoplasm of thyroid; Malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder; Mammary Neoplasms; Maps; Medical; Medical Surveillance; Military Personnel; Modeling; Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance; Morphologic artifacts; Multiple Myeloma; National Cancer Institute; Neuroblastoma; Nodal; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupational Exposure; Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Paraffin Embedding; Pathologic; Patients; Pattern; Peritoneum; Plasmacytoma; Population; Postmenopause; Premenopause; Prevention; Publishing; Race; Renal carcinoma; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; SEER Program; Site; Staging; Stomach Carcinoma; Subgroup; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocyte; Thyroid Gland; Time; Tissue Microarray; Tissues; United States; United States Department of Veterans Affairs; Update; Variant; Weight; Woman; age group; age related; aged; cancer risk; cell type; child bearing; cohort; early childhood; geographic difference; improved; leukemia/lymphoma; lifestyle factors; male; malignant breast neoplasm; malignant tonsil neoplasm; melanoma; men; molecular marker; mortality; parity; population based; programs; repository; reproductive; sex; trend; tumor; tumor registry; web site

<b>General descriptive studies (00350):</b><br> Analyses of SEER incidence data revealed that esophageal squamous cell carcinoma rates, highest among blacks, have been declining not only among blacks and whites but also Hispanics and Asians. Stomach carcinoma incidence patterns differed by histologic type, anatomic site, race, gender, and age, suggesting that etiologic heterogeneity should be pursued in future research. Cervical cancer rates by histologic type were found to vary considerably among six Asian ethnic groups, non-Hispanic whites and blacks, and Hispanics, suggesting that early detection and prevention efforts require targeted strategies. Our analysis of the rising thyroid cancer incidence rates, which had been attributed to heightened medical surveillance and the use of improved diagnostics, revealed that rates were increasing not only for localized stage and small tumors but also for large tumors and non-localized stage, suggesting that surveillance and diagnostic procedures cannot completely explain the trends and other possible explanations should be explored. Further analysis of the gender and age-specific thyroid papillary cancer incidence patterns confirmed the well-established excess among females overall and found that the female-to-male rate ratio declined quite consistently from more than five at ages 20-24 to about one at ages 80+, without a clear difference between the childbearing, premenopausal, or postmenopausal years. Cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinomas were found to be rare appendageal tumors that affect males and females equally, predominate on the face/head/neck, usually present at a localized stage, and are associated with favorable survival. Our analysis of cutaneous lymphoma incidence patterns found that 71% were T-cell and 29% were B-cell type, in contrast to nodal lymphomas, and the rates varied markedly by race and sex, supporting the notion that they represent distinct disease entities. The risk factors and co-factors for sporadic childhood Burkitt lymphoma in the United States are unknown, and we found that early childhood exposures, male sex, and white race may raise risk. Further analysis of the Burkitt lymphoma incidence rates over the entire age range revealed clear childhood and geriatric peaks among both males and females, corresponding to the endemic and sporadic patterns, and a distinct third peak among adult males. Plasmacytoma incidence rates overall and by site were compared with those for multiple myeloma, and variations in the patterns according to race, gender, and age suggested underlying differences in clinical detection, susceptibility, disease biology and/or etiologic heterogeneity. Our evaluation of sex disparities in cancer incidence found that the male-to-female rate ratio ranged from 29 for Kaposi sarcoma, to 7 for lip cancer, 4 for bladder cancer, and 3 for tonsil cancer; only 5 cancers had a higher incidence in females: breast, thyroid, gallbladder, anus, and peritoneum. Several chapters were prepared focusing on the descriptive epidemiology of head and neck cancers and esophageal cancer.<br> <br> <b>Special descriptive studies (10348): </b><br>It is widely recognized that breast cancer incidence rates overall are higher among White than Black women. However, it is not generally appreciated that age-specific incidence rates are higher for Black women aged <40 years and higher for White women aged >40 years. This so-called Black to White ethnic crossover has been well-described, not fully understood, and sometimes viewed as an artifact. We used data from the National Cancer Institutes SEER database to assess the validity of the Black to White ethnic crossover in the United States. The Black and White ethnic crossover was a robust feature in the SEER database. Amidst recent declines for female breast cancer, age-adjusted incidence rates may be increasing for male breast cancer in the United States (US) and elsewhere. However, age-adjusted temporal trends reflect an age-specific weighted average, which may be confounded with age-related biological and/or temporal effects (period and/or cohort). We, therefore, supplemented the descriptive epidemiology of male and female breast cancer with age-period-cohort (APC) models, simultaneously adjusted for age, calendar-period, and birth-cohort effects. Results showed that male and female breast cancers demonstrated similar secular trends but different age-related biology; i.e., relatively more late-onset, low grade and ER positive tumors among men than women. A large-scale population-based comparison of male and female breast cancers demonstrated three intriguing results. Age-specific incidence patterns showed that the biology of male breast cancer resembled the late-onset type of female breast cancer. Similar breast cancer incidence trends among men and women suggested that there are common breast cancer risk factors that affect both sexes, especially estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Finally, breast cancer mortality and survival rates have improved significantly over time for male breast cancer, but progress has lagged behind for men compared to women. We examined the relationship between endometrial cancer risk and reproductive characteristics in a population-based cohort of 2,674,465 Swedish women, 20-72 years of age. Compared to uniparous women, nulliparous women had a significantly elevated endometrial cancer risk. Endometrial cancer risk decreased with increasing parity.<br> <br> <b>SEER special studies (00316): </b><br> In 2001, the SEER program supplemented three tumor registries (Iowa, LA, and Hawaii) to collect discarded formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from pathologic laboratories within their catchment areas. In a demonstration project, we validated the utility of SEERs Residual Tissue Repository for molecular markers, using an existing set of breast cancer tissue microarrays (TMAs). Our 2nd SEER Residual Tissue Project will assess the population-based estimates for ovarian epithelial cancers (OEC). We will build the arrays for ovarian cancer, following a systematic pathologic review of all available ovarian cancer cases, i.e., approximately 1600.br> <br> <b>Mortality Rate Generator Software (00390): </b><br> The online version of the Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the United States, 1950-94, published in 1999, is available at http://www.nci.nih.gov/atlasplus. Users can create customized maps according to cancer, age groups, sex, and race. The website has been updated to include data through 2004. Maps have been generated incorporating the new data and are being scrutinized by DCEG researchers.<br> <br> <b>Record Linkage Studies: </b><br> <b>Veterans Administration hospitalization database, Patient Treatment File, and Outpatient Clinic File (00580): </b><br> A large study of medical risk factors for multiple myeloma (MM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) in the Veterans Administration (VA) inpatient hospitalization database found increased risk associated with broad categories of autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders.br> <br> <b>US Military Cancer Institute (USMCI)/NCI Collaborative Research Program (10382): </b><br> DCEG and USMCI researchers are analyzing data on more than 9 million active and retired military personnel and their families to estimate cancer rates as well as study the effects of occupational exposures and lifestyle factors on cancer risk. Comparison of incidence rates in the U.S. active military population with those in the population-based SEER program found that rates were significantly lower in the military population for colorectal cancer in white men, lung cancer in white and black men and white women, and cervical cancer in black women.

<b>一般描述性研究 (00350)：</b><br> SEER 发病率数据分析显示，食管鳞状细胞癌发病率在黑人中最高，不仅在黑人和白人中，而且在西班牙裔和亚洲人中也在下降。胃癌的发病模式因组织学类型、解剖部位、种族、性别和年龄而异，表明在未来的研究中应追求病因异质性。研究发现，按组织学类型划分的宫颈癌发病率在六个亚洲族群、非西班牙裔白人和黑人以及西班牙裔中存在很大差异，这表明早期检测和预防工作需要有针对性的策略。我们对甲状腺癌发病率上升的分析（归因于加强的医疗监测和改进的诊断方法的使用）表明，不仅局部期和小肿瘤的发病率在增加，而且大肿瘤和非局部期的发病率也在增加，这表明监测和诊断程序不能完全解释这一趋势，应探索其他可能的解释。对性别和年龄特异性甲状腺乳头状癌发病率模式的进一步分析证实了女性总体上甲状腺乳头状癌发病率过高的现象，并发现女性与男性的发病率比率相当一致地从20-24岁的5岁以上下降到80岁以上的1岁左右，在育龄期、绝经前或绝经后年份之间没有明显差异。皮肤腺样囊性癌被发现是一种罕见的附件肿瘤，对男性和女性的影响相同，主要发生在面部/头部/颈部，通常出现在局部阶段，并且与良好的生存相关。我们对皮肤淋巴瘤发病模式的分析发现，与结节性淋巴瘤相比，71% 是 T 细胞型，29% 是 B 细胞型，而且发病率因种族和性别而有显着差异，这支持了它们代表不同疾病实体的观点。美国散发性儿童伯基特淋巴瘤的危险因素和辅助因素尚不清楚，我们发现儿童早期接触、男性和白人可能会增加风险。对整个年龄范围内伯基特淋巴瘤发病率的进一步分析显示，男性和女性都有明显的儿童期和老年高峰，与地方性和散发性模式相对应，并且成年男性中有明显的第三个高峰。将浆细胞瘤的总体发病率和按部位的发病率与多发性骨髓瘤进行比较，不同种族、性别和年龄的模式变化表明临床检测、易感性、疾病生物学和/或病因异质性方面存在潜在差异。我们对癌症发病率性别差异的评估发现，男女发病率之比范围为：卡波西肉瘤为 29，唇癌为 7，膀胱癌为 4，扁桃体癌为 3；只有 5 种癌症在女性中发病率较高：乳腺癌、甲状腺癌、胆囊癌、肛门癌和腹膜癌。准备了几个章节，重点关注头颈癌和食道癌的描述性流行病学。<br><br><b>特殊描述性研究（10348）：</b><br>人们普遍认为，白人女性的乳腺癌发病率总体高于黑人女性。然而，人们普遍不认识到，40 岁以下的黑人女性的特定年龄发病率较高，40 岁以上的白人女性的特定年龄发病率较高。这种所谓的黑人到白人的种族交叉已经得到了很好的描述，但尚未完全理解，有时被视为一种人工制品。我们使用美国国家癌症研究所 SEER 数据库的数据来评估美国黑人与白人种族交叉的有效性。黑人和白人种族交叉是 SEER 数据库中的一个强大特征。在最近女性乳腺癌发病率下降的同时，美国和其他地区男性乳腺癌的年龄调整发病率可能正在上升。然而，年龄调整的时间趋势反映了特定年龄的加权平均值，这可能与年龄相关的生物和/或时间效应（周期和/或队列）混淆。因此，我们用年龄-周期-队列（APC）模型补充了男性和女性乳腺癌的描述性流行病学，同时根据年龄、日历周期和出生队列效应进行了调整。结果显示，男性和女性乳腺癌表现出相似的长期趋势，但与年龄相关的生物学特性不同；即，男性晚发、低级别和 ER 阳性肿瘤的发生率高于女性。对男性和女性乳腺癌进行的大规模人群比较显示了三个有趣的结果。特定年龄的发病模式表明，男性乳腺癌的生物学特性与女性乳腺癌的晚发型相似。男性和女性之间相似的乳腺癌发病率趋势表明，存在影响两性的常见乳腺癌危险因素，尤其是雌激素受体阳性乳腺癌。最后，随着时间的推移，男性乳腺癌的死亡率和生存率显着提高，但与女性相比，男性的进展落后。我们在一个由 2,674,465 名 20-72 岁瑞典女性组成的人群队列中研究了子宫内膜癌风险与生殖特征之间的关系。与未生育过的女性相比，未生育过的女性患子宫内膜癌的风险显着升高。子宫内膜癌风险随着胎次的增加而降低。<br> <br> <b>SEER 特别研究 (00316)：</b><br> 2001 年，SEER 计划补充了三个肿瘤登记处（爱荷华州、洛杉矶和夏威夷），从其辖区的病理实验室收集废弃的福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋的组织块。在一个演示项目中，我们使用一组现有的乳腺癌组织微阵列 (TMA) 验证了 SEER 残留组织存储库对于分子标记的实用性。我们的第二个 SEER 残余组织项目将评估基于人群的卵巢上皮癌 (OEC) 估计值。我们将在对所有可用卵巢癌病例（即大约 1600 个）进行系统病理学审查后构建卵巢癌阵列。br> <br> <b>死亡率生成器软件 (00390)：</b><br> 1999 年出版的美国 1950-94 年癌症死亡率图谱的在线版本可在以下网址获取： http://www.nci.nih.gov/atlasplus。用户可以根据癌症、年龄组、性别和种族创建定制地图。该网站已更新，包含截至 2004 年的数据。已生成包含新数据的地图，并由 DCEG 研究人员进行审查。<br> <br> <b>记录关联研究：</b><br> <b>退伍军人管理局住院数据库、患者治疗档案和门诊档案 (00580)：</b><br> 一项针对多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 和癌症的医疗风险因素的大型研究 退伍军人管理局 (VA) 住院数据库中的意义未定的单克隆丙种球蛋白病 (MGUS) 发现与大类自身免疫性疾病、传染病和炎症性疾病相关的风险增加。br> <br> <b>美国军事癌症研究所 (USMCI)/NCI 合作研究计划 (10382)：</b><br> DCEG USMCI 的研究人员正在分析超过 900 万现役和退役军人及其家人的数据，以估计癌症发病率，并研究职业暴露和生活方式因素对癌症风险的影响。将美国现役军人与基于人口的 SEER 计划中的军人进行比较发现，军人中白人男性结直肠癌、白人、黑人男性和白人女性肺癌以及黑人女性宫颈癌的发病率明显较低。