Zoonotic Swine Influenza Virus Transmission in Confined Animal Feeding Operations

描述(申请人提供)：中国因其密集的人、猪和家禽相互作用的种群而被认为是1957年和1968年大流行流感病毒的源头，并被认为是产生新流感病毒株的中心。随着中国工厂化养殖的增加，猪流感病毒(SIV)的流行和种类也增加了。在这个为期5年的受控项目中，我们将与中国领先的传染病研究人员合作，采用一个健康的方法(人、动物和环境)来研究SIV在大陆限制动物饲养作业(CAFO)中的传播。我们将选择SIV高流行的CAFO，前瞻性地跟踪养猪工人和他们的猪，并检查CAFO环境作为SIV持续和传播的来源。在这项合作中，我们的目标是：1)识别和表征地方性和紧急SIV，2)使用气溶胶、粪便、环境拭子和水采样来确定SIV高发地区，3)确定SIV感染的职业风险因素，以及4)确定预防流行和紧急SIV的血清和粘膜免疫生物标志物。One Health Approach用于人畜共患流感病毒研究是独一无二的，并由我们的中国合作者实现，他们拥有进入他们的养猪业的独特途径。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With its dense interacting populations of people, pigs, and poultry, China has been implicated as the source of the 1957 and 1968 pandemic influenza viruses and considered an epicenter for generating novel influenza virus strains. As industrialized farming has increased in China, the prevalence and variety of swine influenza viruses (SIVs) have increased. In this controlled, 5-yr project, we will collaborate with leading Chinese infectious disease researchers and employ a One Health approach (human, animal, and environment) to study SIV transmission in Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) in mainland China. We will select CAFOs with a high prevalence of SIVs and prospectively follow the swine workers and their pigs, as well as examine the CAFO environment as a source for SIV persistence and transmission. In this collaboration, our aims are: 1) to identify and characterize enzootic and emergent SIVs, 2) to employ aerosol, fecal, environmental swabs, and water sampling to identify environmental areas with a high prevalence of SIVs, 3) to identify occupational risk factors for SIV infection, and 4) to identify serological and mucosal immunity biomarkers of protection against prevalent and emergent SIVs. This One Health approach to zoonotic influenza virus research is unique and made possible by our Chinese collaborators who have unique access to their swine production industry.