Zoonotic Swine Influenza Virus Transmission in Confined Animal Feeding Operations

描述（由申请人提供）：由于人口、猪和家禽的密集互动，中国被认为是1957年和1968年大流行性流感病毒的来源，并被认为是产生新型流感病毒株的中心。随着中国工业化养殖的增加，猪流感病毒（SIVs）的流行率和种类也有所增加。我们将选择SIV高流行的CAFO，并对养猪工人和他们的猪进行前瞻性跟踪，并研究CAFO环境作为SIV持续存在和传播的来源。在这次合作中，我们的目标是：1)识别和表征地方性和突发性SIV， 2)使用气溶胶，粪便，环境拭子和水样来识别SIV高发的环境区域，3)确定SIV感染的职业风险因素，4)确定针对流行和突发性SIV的血清学和粘膜免疫生物标志物。“同一个健康”对人畜共患流感病毒研究的方法是独一无二的，这是由我们的中国合作者实现的，他们对养猪业有独特的了解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With its dense interacting populations of people, pigs, and poultry, China has been implicated as the source of the 1957 and 1968 pandemic influenza viruses and considered an epicenter for generating novel influenza virus strains. As industrialized farming has increased in China, the prevalence and variety of swine influenza viruses (SIVs) have increased. In this controlled, 5-yr project, we will collaborate with leading Chinese infectious disease researchers and employ a One Health approach (human, animal, and environment) to study SIV transmission in Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) in mainland China. We will select CAFOs with a high prevalence of SIVs and prospectively follow the swine workers and their pigs, as well as examine the CAFO environment as a source for SIV persistence and transmission. In this collaboration, our aims are: 1) to identify and characterize enzootic and emergent SIVs, 2) to employ aerosol, fecal, environmental swabs, and water sampling to identify environmental areas with a high prevalence of SIVs, 3) to identify occupational risk factors for SIV infection, and 4) to identify serological and mucosal immunity biomarkers of protection against prevalent and emergent SIVs. This One Health approach to zoonotic influenza virus research is unique and made possible by our Chinese collaborators who have unique access to their swine production industry.