International Symposium on Viral Respiratory Disease Surveillance

1，2，3随着修订后的《国际卫生条例》(《国际卫生条例2005》)的出台，世界卫生大会成员国现在被要求在通知指定的国家接触者后24小时内报告某些传染病的所有病例，包括新的人类流感亚型和严重急性呼吸系统综合症。1，2《国际卫生条例》2005还要求通报“任何可能引起国际公共卫生关切的事件”，2其中明确包括任何其他高致病性的呼吸道疾病。目前，大多数疾病监测系统无法实现这一目标。1根据一些专家的说法，“对全球有效监测和应对人类疾病暴发的挑战反映了以下方面的不足：(1)卫生基础设施；(2)传染病监测项目的科学方法和运作理念；(3)人力、技术和财力；以及(4)国际政策。1反映出当前传染病监测系统在全球和美国国内协调不力、错综复杂的情况，1、4、5、6“对监测方案的首选方法、性能特征或结果措施没有达成共识”。1由于“传染病暴发不尊重政府边界”，6发展和维持适当的监测系统需要全球心态和全球资源。1病毒性呼吸系统疾病监测国际研讨会将开始通过就VRD监测方案的首选方法、性能特性和结果措施达成共识和促进合作来满足这一关键的全球需求。研讨会将介绍全球流感和人类其他VRD监测系统和方法的最新发展。为期两天半的研讨会将通过国际专家的全体演讲来审查VRD监测中的关键问题。将介绍世界各地高、中、低收入国家的成功监测系统的例子，随后将介绍互动工作组，以确定监测方面的最佳做法，整合流行病学和病毒学监测系统的实用方法，以及将VRD监测与其他人类疾病和人畜共患病的监测系统相结合。将特别重视制定一项长期计划，以一系列循序渐进的实际步骤改进全球VRD监测，同时考虑到不同国家在资源限制方面的差异。将鼓励国家流感监测负责人、国家公共卫生机构成员、卫生部成员以及参与国家和国际流感监测研究的人员参与。会议的报道将在各种媒体上发表，以便更广泛的全球受众受益和审查。病毒性呼吸道疾病(VRD)监测被认为是全球公共卫生基础设施的关键职能。目前的全球传染病监测系统不足以发现和遏制高传染性疾病的爆发，包括危险的VRD。为了满足这一关键的全球需求，国际科学专业学会(ISIRV)提议召开一次关于病毒性呼吸系统疾病监测的国际研讨会，讨论并确定可以采取的增量、实际步骤的优先次序，以改进VRD监测计划，特别是在资源有限的情况下。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Viral respiratory disease (VRD) surveillance is recognized as a critical function of the global public health infrastructure.1,2,3 With the introduction of the revised International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), World Health Assembly member states are now required to report all cases of certain infectious diseases within 24 hours of notification to the designated national contact, including new subtypes of human influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome.1,2 IHR 2005 also requires notification of "any event of potential international public health concern,"2 which clearly includes any other highly pathogenic VRD. Currently, most disease surveillance systems cannot meet this goal.1 According to some experts, "[t]he challenges to effective global surveillance and response to human disease outbreaks reflect deficiencies in (1) health infrastructure; (2) scientific methods and concepts of operations of infectious disease surveillance programs; (3) human, technical, and financial resources; and (4) international policies."1 Reflecting the poorly coordinated, complex patchwork of current infectious disease surveillance systems, both at the global level and within the United States,1,4,5,6 there is "no consensus on the preferred methodologies, performance characteristics, or outcome measures for surveillance programs."1 Since "infectious disease outbreaks do not respect governmental boundaries,"6 global mindsets and global resources are needed to develop and maintain adequate surveillance systems.1 The International Symposium on Viral Respiratory Disease Surveillance will begin to meet this critical global need by forging consensus and fostering collaboration on the preferred methodologies, performance characteristics, and outcome measures for VRD surveillance programs. The Symposium will describe the latest developments in global surveillance systems and methods for influenza and other VRD in man. The 2 1/2 day Symposium will review critical issues in VRD surveillance through plenary lectures presented by international experts. Examples of successful surveillance systems from high-, medium-, and low-income nations around the world will be presented, followed by interactive workgroups to identify best practices in surveillance, practical methods for integrating epidemiologic and virologic surveillance systems, and integration of VRD surveillance with other surveillance systems for other human diseases and zoonoses. Special emphasis will be placed on development of a long-range plan to improve global VRD surveillance in a series of incremental, practical steps, accounting for differences in resource constraints in different nations. Participation by those responsible for national influenza surveillance, members of national public health institutions, members of ministries of health, and those involved in research of national and international influenza surveillance will be encouraged. Reports from the meeting will be published in a variety of media for the benefit and review of a wider global audience. Viral respiratory disease (VRD) surveillance is recognized as a critical function of the global public health infrastructure. Current global infectious disease surveillance systems are inadequate to detect and contain outbreaks of highly contagious diseases, including dangerous VRDs. To meet this critical global need, the International Scientific Professional Society (ISIRV) proposes an International Symposium on Viral Respiratory Disease Surveillance to discuss and prioritize incremental, practical steps that can be taken to improve VRD surveillance programs, particularly in resource-limited settings.