Project 3: Diversity of Tobacco Products Used and Purchased p209-239

美国的烟草消费模式随着时间的推移而演变，最近发生了变化 好几年了。吸烟继续减少，而无烟烟草(ST)的使用变得越来越普遍， 趋势表明，香烟和ST的同时使用增加，称为两用。稳定的估计 关于双重用途的普遍性很难确定，因为研究使用了不同的操作定义 (即烟草产品的使用频率和类型)来描述该行为。项目3涉及一个纵向的 独家吸烟者的成人队列中不同产品偏好的特征 ST个用户和基线上的双用户。项目3的重点包括对各种烟草产品的监测 在不同类别的使用者中消费，特别是在吸收新的和新兴的烟草方面 产品。项目3将建立一个成人队列，其中包括阿巴拉契亚六个农村县的居民 和俄亥俄州哥伦布。该项目将表征在一年中使用的烟草产品类型的多样性。 三年的时间段。该项目的具体目标是：1)比较烟草产品的使用情况 (即可燃的、ST的、新的和新兴的)在农村和城市成年人之间的三年期间 基准线上的吸烟者、吸烟者和双重吸烟者；2)比较个体因素之间的关联 (即依赖性、既往戒烟尝试、变化阶段、戒烟兴趣/效果、家庭吸烟、 以及家庭和工作场所室内空气政策)；认知和情感因素(风险认知和减少风险 信念)；以及购买因素(品牌忠诚度和价格促销使用)和每种烟草的使用 产品；以及3)确定购买因素之间的关联(接触优惠券、多包 烟草零售点(POS)的特别、特别折扣；以及品牌忠诚度)和烟草的使用 农村和城市用户子群中的产品。农村和城市环境中的烟草零售店将 还可以比较POS烟草产品的价格促销。一种创新的基于地址的采样方法 将用于招募成年人(最终样本量=796)，这些成年人将在基线和每隔6天进行一次面试 在三年的时间里持续几个月。对价格促销的风险将在样本的子集中进行评估，使用 生态瞬时评估法(EMA)。该项目涉及FDA在 “了解烟草产品的多样性”和“了解烟草营销”。纵向 监测和了解服务不足和易受伤害地区的不同烟草产品使用模式 人口允许识别使用的轨迹和模式。监督POS折扣和 价格促销可以告知FDA有关限制与价格相关的促销活动的监管决定。

Patterns of tobacco consumption in the United States have evolved overtime, with changes occurring in recent years. Cigarette smoking continues to decline while smokeless tobacco (ST) use is becoming more common, and trends indicate heightened concurrent use of cigarettes and ST, referred to as dual use. Stable estimates about the prevalence of dual use are difficult to ascertain, as studies have used differing operational definitions (i.e. frequency of use and type of tobacco product) to describe the behavior. Project 3 involves a longitudinal characterization of diverse product preferences among a cohort of adults who are exclusive smokers, exclusive ST users, and dual users at baseline. The focus of Project 3 includes surveillance of diverse tobacco products consumed among different categories of users, especially with regard to the uptake of new and emerging tobacco products. Project #3 will establish an adult cohort that includes residents of six rural Appalachian counties and Columbus OH. The project will characterize the diversity of types of tobacco products used over a three year period of time. The specific aims of the project are: 1) To compare the use of tobacco products (i.e. combustible, ST, new and emerging) over a three year period between rural and urban adults who are smokers, ST users, and dual tobacco users at baseline; 2) To compare associations between individual factors (i.e. dependence, previous quit attempts, stage of change, cessation interest/efficacy, household smoking, and home and work indoor air policies); cognitive and affective factors (risk perceptions and risk-reduction beliefs); and purchasing factors (brand loyalty and price promotion use) and use of each type of tobacco product; and 3) To determine the association between purchasing factors (exposure to coupon, multi-pack special, special discount at point-of-sale (POS) tobacco retail outlets; and brand loyalty) and use of tobacco products among subsets ot rural and urban users. Tobacco retail outlets in rural and urban environments will also be compared for POS tobacco product price promotions. An innovative address-based sampling methodology will be used to enroll adults (final sample size = 796) who will be interviewed at baseline and every 6 months over a three year period. Exposure to price promotions will be assessed in subsets of the sample, using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods. This project addresses FDA research priorities in the areas of "Understanding the Diversity of Tobacco Products" and "Understanding Tobacco Marketing." Longitudinal surveillance and understanding of diverse tobacco product use patterns in underserved and vulnerable populations allows for recognition of trajectories and patterns of use. Surveillance of POS discounting and price promotions can inform FDA regulatory decisions about restricting price-related promotional activity.