Project 1: Urban and Rural Male Youth Cohort Study of Tobacco Use

该项目的重点是无烟烟草和无烟烟草与香烟两用的青年倡导者， 市场营销、广告和其他环境因素可能有助于启动。ST产品 包括嚼烟、鼻烟和鼻烟，以及新兴的可溶解产品。ST使用率 在俄亥俄州的高中男生中，这一比例几乎是全国的两倍。此外，三分之二的ST用户 也吸烟，大约三分之一的吸烟者也使用ST。随着市场上新的鼻烟产品和转变， 在现在针对城市用户和吸烟者的鼻烟营销中，年轻人可能更有可能开始ST， 双重用途。该项目将建立一个农村（俄亥俄州的阿巴拉契亚地区）和城市（哥伦布， 俄亥俄州）11-14岁的男性青年及其家人，以检查3年内的ST和双重用途启动情况。项目1 将重点关注可能导致ST和双重用途启动的环境因素，如零售店密度， 接触烟草营销。其他相关措施将包括认知和情感反应青年 必须提高烟草广告和吸烟者的媒体素养，或青年批判性地评价媒体信息的能力。 目的是检查这些营销相关因素作为ST和双重用途启动的预测因素， 比较一下农村和城市的年轻人。本项目将估算三年内ST使用的启动率 以及俄亥俄州农村和城市地区男性青年中ST和香烟的双重使用， 本研究的目的如下：1）探讨对烟草广告的认知和情感反应及态度 与ST的开始和吸烟和ST的双重使用有关; 2）研究烟草暴露如何影响ST的使用 营销和吸烟媒体素养水平与ST和双重用途的启动有关; 3）探索目标：在 一项探索性研究，我们将使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）来比较实时暴露 吸烟者和非吸烟者之间的差异。该项目涉及FDA的几个研究重点，即 “了解烟草产品的多样性”和“了解烟草营销。“数据 本项目中收集的信息对于FDA做出关于ST上市的潜在限制的决策至关重要， 广告，以及FDA对新产品申请和修改后的风险烟草产品索赔的分析， ST产品。项目1数据还可以帮助FDA制定更有效的沟通计划 瞄准年轻人。

The focus of this project is on youth initiators of smokeless tobacco (ST) and dual use of ST and cigarettes, arid the marketing, advertising and other environmental factors that may contribute to initiation. ST products include chewing tobacco, snuff, and snus, as well as the emerging dissolvable products. The rate of ST use among high school males in Ohio is nearly twice as high as the national rate. Moreover, two-thirds of ST users also smoke, and about one-third of smokers also use ST. With new snus products on the market and the shift in snus marketing that now targets urban users and smokers, youth may be even more likely to initiate ST and dual use. This project will establish a cohort of rural (the Appalachian region of Ohio) and urban (Columbus, Ohio) male youth ages 11-14, and their families, to examine ST and dual use initiation over 3 years. Project 1 will focus on environmental factors that may lead to ST and dual use initiation, such as retail outlet density and exposure to tobacco marketing. Other related measures will include cognitive and affective reactions youth have to tobacco advertising and smoking media literacy, or a youth's ability to critically evaluate media messages. The goal is to examine these marketing-related factors as predictors of ST and dual use initiation and compare them between rural and urban youth. This project will estimate the three-year initiation rate of ST use and dual use of ST and cigarettes among male youth in rural and urban regions of Ohio in order to complete the following aims 1) To examine how cognitive and affective responses and attitudes towards tobacco advertisements relate to initiation of ST and dual use of smoking and ST; 2) To examine how exposure to tobacco marketing and the level of smoking media literacy relate to initiation of ST and dual use; 3) Exploratory Aim: In an exploratory study we will use ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to compare real-time exposures between tobacco users and nonusers. This project addresses several FDA research priorities, namely in the areas of "Understanding the diversity of Tobacco Products" and "Understanding Tobacco Marketing." The data collected in this project are critical to FDA decision making regarding potential restrictions on ST marketing and advertising, and the FDA's analysis of new product applications and modified risk tobacco product claims for ST products. Project 1 data can also assist the FDA in developing more effective communication programs targeting youth.