Combined OCT/US/PAT system for intravascular Imaging

 描述(申请人提供)：动脉粥样硬化是一种进行性疾病，其特征是脂质、胆固醇、纤维成分、单核细胞和各种其他炎症细胞在动脉壁中积聚。动脉粥样硬化是发达国家发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。心脏病发作(86%)和脑动脉瘤(45%)的主要死亡原因是由于突然破裂并引发血液凝块或血栓阻止血液流动的“脆弱斑块”。及早发现斑块病变是预防动脉粥样硬化致命后果的第一步，也是必要的一步。斑块病变潜在脆弱性的诊断依赖于组织结构和化学成分。多模式血管内成像可以同时提供结构和分子信息，将为临床医生诊断易损斑块、监测疾病进展和评估干预效果提供至关重要的工具。这一提议的广泛和长期目标是开发一种综合的多模式血管内成像系统，该系统结合了血管内超声(IVUS)、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)和光声断层扫描(PAT)。多模式血管内成像系统的独特之处在于它结合了OCT的高空间分辨率、US的宽成像深度和PAT的分子对比度的优势。集成的IVUS/OCT/PAT将为医生提供一个强大的工具，用于成像、诊断和管理脆弱的斑块。具体目标是：(1)开发以1730 nm为中心的高速纳秒光纤激光器，用于脂质造影剂的PAT成像；(2)开发集成的IVUS/OCT/PAT成像导管；(3)开发结合IVUS/OCT/PAT的多模成像系统；(4)在兔和猪动物模型上展示心血管斑块的实时多模成像。拟议的研究需要一个由科学家、工程师和临床医生组成的跨学科团队。我们组建了这样一个团队：OCT/PAT小组(来自加州大学伯克利分校BLI的Chen博士)；IVUS/PAT小组(来自南加州大学NIH传感器资源中心的周博士和Shung博士)；以及介入心脏病学小组(来自科室的Patel博士)。UCI的心脏病学教授)。这项拟议的研究有望对心血管疾病的早期发现、预防和治疗产生重大影响。小灵通398

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease that is characterized by the accumulation of lipids, cholesterol, fibrous constituents, monocytes, and various other inflammatory cells in the arterial wall. Atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The major cause of deaths from heart attacks (86%) and brain aneurysm (45%) are due to "vulnerable plaques" that rupture suddenly and trigger a blood clot or thrombus that blocks blood flow. Early detection of plaque lesions is the first and necessary step in preventing the lethal consequences of atherosclerosis. Diagnosis of the latent vulnerability of a plaque lesion relies on both tissue structural and chemical compositions. Multimodality intravascular imaging that can provide both structure and molecular information will provide clinicians with a critically important tool for diagnosing vulnerable plaques, monitoring the progression of disease, and evaluating the efficacy of intervention. The broad, long term objective of this proposal is to develop an integrated multimodal intravascular imaging system that combines intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and photoacoustic tomography (PAT). The multimodal intravascular imaging system is unique in that it combines the advantages of high spatial resolution of OCT, broad imaging depth of US, and molecular contrast of PAT. The integrated IVUS/OCT/PAT will provide the physician with a powerful tool for imaging, diagnosing, and managing vulnerable plaques. The specific aims are: (1) Develop a high-speed nanosecond fiber laser centered at 1730 nm for PAT imaging with lipid contrast; (2) Develop an integrated IVUS/OCT/PAT imaging catheter; (3) Develop a multimodality imaging system that combines IVUS/OCT/PAT; (4) Demonstrate real-time in vivo multimodality imaging of cardiovascular plaques in rabbit and porcine animal models. The proposed research requires an interdisciplinary team of scientists, engineers, and clinicians. We have assembled such a team: OCT/PAT group (Dr. Chen from BLI at UCI); IVUS/PAT group (Drs. Zhou and Shung from NIH Transducer Resource Center at USC); and Interventional cardiology group (Dr. Patel from Dept. of Cardiology at UCI). The proposed research is expected to have significant impact in the earlier detection, prevention, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. PHS 398