Cinema Smoking and Youth Smoking in Latin America

拉丁美洲的电影院吸烟和青少年吸烟

• 批准号: 8706258
• 负责人: JAMES D. SARGENT
• 金额: $ 31.16万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8706258
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; American; Area; Argentina; Code; Country; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Ethnic Origin; European Union; Evaluation; Exposure to; Film; Foundations; German population; Germany; Guidelines; Health Campaign; Image; Imagery; Income; Industry; Intervention; Interview; Latin America; Latino; Link; Maps; Marketing; Methods; Mexican; Mexico; Monitor; National Cancer Institute; Ownership; Policies; Policy Developments; Policy Making; Policy Research; Prevalence; Process; Production; Promotional Item; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Race; Records; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Science; Scientist; Secondary Schools; Smoke; Smoking; Source; Structure; Students; Surveys; System; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco use; United States; Work; World Health Organization; Youth; age group; base; dissemination research; follow-up; informant; innovation; movie; movie exposure; novel; public health relevance; public policy on tobacco; research and development; tobacco advertising; tobacco control; trend; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R01 application aims to strengthen capacity for locally-relevant research and policy in the area of movie smoking. The National Cancer Institute concluded that movie smoking is one cause of youth smoking in 2008. Since then, directives aimed at reducing youth exposure to movie smoking have been promulgated as part of the implementation guidelines for Article 13 of the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The proposal pairs researchers who developed the science to demonstrate a causal link between movies and smoking with key scientists in Argentina and Mexico who have begun studying the same link in their respective countries, with the overarching aim of enhancing research on movie and marketing risk factors for youth smoking. Notably, we involve another researcher from Germany who has successfully completed a similar study in 6 European Union (EU) countries. In partnership with our Latin American colleagues, we will adapt the EU protocols for content coding domestic movies and surveying young adolescents to test a novel hypothesis-that smoking by Latino characters in domestic films is more potent than in foreign produced films (in which characters are mostly non-Latino). Additionally, the team will assess the prevalence of adolescent ownership of tobacco branded merchandise (e.g., t-shirts and collectable packs) to determine if receptivity to these products acts in synergy with movie exposures. The aims of the study are to: 1) develop the capacity for researchers to track tobacco use and brand placement in the domestic film market (which accounts for about 10% of movies viewed in each country); 2) to develop the capacity for researchers to conduct longitudinal school-based surveys of adolescents to determine the importance of media and marketing risk factors in promoting smoking; and 3) to identify leverage points for policy development and for research dissemination efforts that aim to reduce media and marketing exposures. Aim 2 involves fielding a two-wave school-based survey of young adolescents (12 or 13 at baseline) in both countries, in which exposure is assessed to popular contemporary movies released in the past 10 years. The movie sample frame will be enriched with domestic movies, in order to test the domestic vs. foreign movie influence hypothesis. We will also assess the prevalence of ownership of tobacco branded merchandise, including the types of articles, the brand, and where it is displayed. We will determine whether the branded merchandise is being worn in the school setting and how often such articles are seen by others. Finally, we will conduct a diagnosis of the structure, financing and policy-making processes of the film industry in each country and analyze the results with a consultant who was instrumental in developing the Smoke Free Movies campaign, a successful campaign to reduce youth exposure to movies in the U.S. In combination with country-specific research results, these efforts aim to develop locally-relevant approaches for reducing youth exposure to tobacco content in films. Thus, this proposal addresses very significant risk factors for youth smoking in these countries and offers unique and innovative approaches to assessing such exposures, as well as the ability to test novel hypotheses about how race and ethnicity of movie characters and branded merchandise might modify the strength of the association between exposure to movie smoking and youth smoking.

描述（由申请人提供）：该 R01 申请旨在加强电影吸烟领域当地相关研究和政策的能力。美国国家癌症研究所在2008年得出结论，电影吸烟是青少年吸烟的原因之一。此后，作为世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》第13条实施指南的一部分，颁布了旨在减少青少年接触电影吸烟的指令。该提案将开发证明电影与吸烟之间因果关系的科学的研究人员与阿根廷和墨西哥的主要科学家配对，这些科学家已开始在各自国家研究相同的联系，其总体目标是加强对青少年吸烟的电影和营销风险因素的研究。值得注意的是，我们还邀请了另一位来自德国的研究人员，他已在 6 个欧盟 (EU) 国家成功完成了类似的研究。我们将与我们的拉丁美洲同事合作，调整欧盟关于国内电影内容编码和调查青少年的协议，以测试一个新的假设：国内电影中拉丁裔角色的吸烟行为比外国制作的电影（其中角色大多是非拉丁裔）更有效。此外，该团队还将评估青少年拥有烟草品牌商品（例如 T 恤和收藏包）的普遍程度，以确定对这些产品的接受程度是否与电影曝光产生协同作用。该研究的目的是： 1) 培养研究人员跟踪国内电影市场（约占每个国家观看的电影的 10%）中烟草使用和品牌定位的能力； 2) 培养研究人员对青少年进行纵向学校调查的能力，以确定媒体和营销风险因素在促进吸烟方面的重要性； 3) 确定旨在减少媒体和营销曝光的政策制定和研究传播工作的杠杆点。目标 2 涉及对两国青少年（基线为 12 岁或 13 岁）进行两轮学校调查，评估过去 10 年上映的流行当代电影的接触程度。电影样本框架将用国产电影来丰富，以检验国内与国外电影影响力假设。我们还将评估烟草品牌商品的拥有率，包括物品类型、品牌及其展示地点。我们将确定品牌商品是否在学校环境中穿着以及其他人看到此类商品的频率。最后，我们将对每个国家电影业的结构、融资和政策制定流程进行诊断，并与一位顾问一起分析结果，该顾问在制定“无烟电影”运动中发挥了重要作用，这是一项旨在减少美国青少年接触电影的成功运动。结合特定国家的研究结果，这些努力旨在制定适合当地的方法，以减少青少年接触电影中的烟草内容。因此，该提案解决了这些国家青少年吸烟的非常重要的风险因素，并提供了独特和创新的方法来评估此类暴露，以及测试有关电影角色和品牌商品的种族和民族如何改变电影吸烟暴露与青少年吸烟之间关联强度的新假设的能力。