Media Influences on Early Onset Alcohol Use

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请旨在继续研究电影对青少年饮酒及相关问题行为的影响。我们已经成功地对美国青少年（基线年龄10-14岁）进行了四波纵向研究。在每一项研究中，我们都评估了青少年在当代流行电影中饮酒的情况和他们的饮酒行为。我们最近的分析表明，看电影喝酒与饮酒的开始、酒精消费量的增长以及酒精问题有关。我们已经确定了至少三种观影影响这些行为的机制：通过观看电影中饮酒产生更有利的认知（原型和期望），通过观看限制级电影对寻求刺激的增长的影响，以及通过同伴饮酒的变化。最后，我们发现黑人青少年对电影的反应明显低于白人。随着青少年进入高中（15-19岁），我们对队列进行了另外三波跟踪，并增加了600名黑人青少年的队列，以便更好地评估对电影酒精使用反应的种族差异。我们还旨在研究电影中的酒精使用与(a)以前的非使用者中晚发性酒精开始以及(b)以前的使用者中酒精消费的增加和向酒精滥用的过渡之间的关系。此外，我们的目的是研究接触r级电影和寻求刺激的增长的影响，并评估接触电影酒精使用、r级电影接触和鲁莽驾驶和犯罪行为之间的持续关系。这些分析将在控制可能与电影曝光和这些行为（例如，养育方式）相关的变量的情况下进行，并将检查酒精暴露对不同年龄和种族/民族参与者的影响。这项工作将由一个具有物质使用理论和先进分析程序专业知识的跨学科小组进行。在后续阶段，我们计划强调研究结果对现有预防专业人员网络的科学重要性，从而影响减少未成年人饮酒问题的教育和政策办法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application proposes to continue research into the role movies play as an influence on adolescent drinking and related problem behaviors. We have successfully fielded a 4-wave longitudinal study of U.S. adolescents (ages 10-14 years at baseline). At each study wave we have assessed the adolescents' exposure to alcohol use in popular contemporary movies and their drinking behavior. Our recent analyses have indicated that viewing movie alcohol use is associated with initiation of drinking, with growth in the consumption of alcohol, and with alcohol problems. We have identified at least three mechanisms through which movie exposure may influence these behaviors: through the development of more favorable cognitions (prototypes & expectancies) as a result of seeing movie alcohol use, through effects of exposure to R-rated movies on growth in sensation seeking, and through changes in peer drinking. Finally, we have found that Black adolescents are significantly less responsive to movie exposure compared with Whites. We are following the cohort forward for an additional 3 waves as the adolescents enter high school (ages 15-19 years) and enriching the cohort with 600 Black adolescents in order to better evaluate racial differences in response to movie alcohol use. We aim also to study the association between exposure to movie alcohol use and (a) late-onset alcohol initiation among previous nonusers, and (b) increases in alcohol consumption and transition to alcohol abuse among previous users. In addition we aim to examine the implications of exposure to R-rated movies and growth in sensation seeking, and to assess the ongoing relation between exposure to movie alcohol use, R-rated movie exposure, and reckless driving and delinquent behaviors. The analyses will be conducted with controls for variables that may be correlated with movie exposure and these behaviors (e.g., parenting style), and will examine alcohol exposure effects for participants of different ages and race/ethnicity. The work will be conducted by an interdisciplinary team with expertise in substance use theory and advanced analytic procedures. In the continuation period we plan to highlight the scientific importance of the findings to existing networks of prevention professionals so as to influence education and policy approaches to reducing underage drinking problems.