Preventing Teen Smoking by Restricting Movie Exposure

描述(由申请人提供)： 背景--儿童平均花在看电影和看电影上的时间 就像他在学校里所花的时间一样。烟草的使用在电影中无处不在，但 它对青少年吸烟的影响以前还没有研究过。我们假设 在电影中接触烟草使用是启蒙的一个原因 青少年吸烟的风险。 前期工作--我们为期4年的研究结果是内容分析测量 600多部受欢迎的当代电影中的烟草使用量和背景。 我们发现，在95%的电影中出现了烟草的描述，28%的电影中出现了品牌。 我们将这些数据与5000多人的横断面研究结果联系起来 8年级学生占5%。在一项多变量分析中，青少年暴露在 电影中的烟草使用与青少年吸烟有关，而且从不吸烟 吸烟者，它与预测未来吸烟的态度有关。 具体目标--此应用程序的目标是更好地理解 观看电影吸烟与青少年吸烟的关系。至 做到这一点，我们计划继续对大众的内容进行分析 当代电影将贯穿2005年并进行为期两年的纵向 对3000名具有全国代表性的青少年进行了电话调查。 这项调查将使我们能够描述#年青少年接触烟草的情况。 并确定这种曝光是否预示着 吸烟成瘾。 方法--每半年对青少年进行一次吸烟状况调查， 接触最近上映的热门电影样本，以及一些 其他与青少年吸烟有关的因素。每个调查将包含唯一的 电影子集，从票房最高的热门影片和视频租赁中随机选择 在调查前六个月内发布。主要结果将是 从从不吸烟者到实验者的转变。二次分析将是 调查暴露在电影中的烟草使用是否会影响 从不吸烟的人中的一种态度，并影响到实验者成为 老牌吸烟者。我们还将评估不同国家在电影曝光方面的差异 白人、非裔美国人和拉丁裔。 意义--这是第一个评估公众的前瞻性研究 在电影中描绘烟草使用的健康影响。因为我们的研究 涉及具有全国代表性的美国青少年样本，数据来自 这项调查将使我们能够确定青少年吸烟的人数。 在美国，可归因于#年暴露于烟草使用 流行的当代电影。

Description (provided by applicant): Background--The average child spends as much time viewing movies and television as he spends in school. Tobacco use is ubiquitous in movies, yet its impact on adolescent smoking has not been studied before. We hypothesize that exposure to tobacco use in movies is a causal element in the initiation of adolescent smoking. Preliminary Work-- Our 4-year study resulted in a content analysis measuring the amount and context of tobacco use in over 600 popular contemporary movies. We found tobacco depictions in 95% of the movies and brand appearances in 28%. We linked these data with responses from a cross-sectional study of over 5000 5% 8_ grade students. In a multivariate analysis, adolescent exposure to tobacco use in movies was associated with adolescent smoking and, among never smokers, it was associated with attitudes that predict future smoking. Specific Aims--The goal of this application is to better understand the relationship between viewing tobacco use in movies and adolescent smoking. To accomplish this, we plan to continue the content analysis of popular contemporary films through the year 2005 and conduct a two-year longitudinal telephone survey of a nationally representative sample of 3000 adolescents. This survey will enable us to describe adolescents' exposure to tobacco use in contemporary films over time and to determine if this exposure predicts smoking uptake. Methods--Adolescents will be surveyed semiannually about their smoking status, exposure to a sample of recently released popular movies, and a number of other factors related to adolescent smoking. Each survey will contain a unique subset of movies, randomly selected from top box-office hits and video rentals released within six months prior to the survey. The primary outcome will be the transition from never smoker to experimenter. Secondary analyses will be conducted to examine whether exposure to movie tobacco use influences a t titudes among never smokers and influences experimenters to become established smokers. We will also evaluate differences in movie exposure among whites, African Americans, and Latinos. Significance-- This is the first prospective study to evaluate the public health implications of depicting tobacco use in movies. Because our study involves a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents, data from this survey will enable us to determine the number of cases of youth smoking in the United States that are attributable to exposure to tobacco use in popular, contemporary movies.