Media Influences on Early Onset Alcohol Use

描述(由申请者提供)：本申请建议继续研究电影对青少年饮酒和相关问题行为的影响。我们已经成功地对美国青少年(基线年龄为10-14岁)进行了一项4波纵向研究。在每个研究浪潮中，我们都评估了青少年在流行的当代电影中接触酒精的情况和他们的饮酒行为。我们最近的分析表明，观看电影饮酒与饮酒的开始、酒精消费的增长以及酒精问题有关。我们已经确定了至少三种可能通过电影暴露影响这些行为的机制：通过观看电影饮酒而形成更有利的认知(原型和预期)，通过接触R级电影对感觉寻求成长的影响，以及通过改变同伴饮酒。最后，我们发现，与白人相比，黑人青少年对电影曝光的反应明显较弱。随着青少年进入高中(15-19岁)，我们正跟随队列向前推进另外3波，并用600名黑人青少年充实队列，以便更好地评估因电影饮酒而产生的种族差异。我们还旨在研究接触电影酒精使用与(A)以前不使用酒精的人迟发性饮酒，以及(B)以前使用过的人中酒精消费的增加和向酒精滥用过渡之间的关系。此外，我们的目标是研究接触R级电影的影响和感觉寻求的增长，并评估暴露于电影酒精使用、R级电影暴露和鲁莽驾驶和违法行为之间的持续关系。这些分析将与可能与电影曝光和这些行为(例如，育儿方式)相关的变量进行对照，并将检查不同年龄和种族/民族的参与者的酒精暴露影响。这项工作将由一个在物质使用理论和先进分析程序方面拥有专业知识的跨学科团队进行。在继续期间，我们计划突出研究结果对现有预防专业人员网络的科学重要性，以便影响减少未成年人饮酒问题的教育和政策办法。与公共健康相关：我们假设青少年在电影中看到的酒精使用会影响他们对酒精使用的信念，增加他们尝试酒精的机会，增加他们的酒精消耗量，并增加他们出现酒精问题的可能性。该项目旨在继续在一组美国青少年中研究这种关系。酒精使用是青春期死亡的主要潜在原因，主要是由于在酒精影响下驾驶时受伤。由于在电影中接触酒精是一种普遍现象，减少这种接触可能会对公众健康产生重大影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application proposes to continue research into the role movies play as an influence on adolescent drinking and related problem behaviors. We have successfully fielded a 4-wave longitudinal study of U.S. adolescents (ages 10-14 years at baseline). At each study wave we have assessed the adolescents' exposure to alcohol use in popular contemporary movies and their drinking behavior. Our recent analyses have indicated that viewing movie alcohol use is associated with initiation of drinking, with growth in the consumption of alcohol, and with alcohol problems. We have identified at least three mechanisms through which movie exposure may influence these behaviors: through the development of more favorable cognitions (prototypes & expectancies) as a result of seeing movie alcohol use, through effects of exposure to R-rated movies on growth in sensation seeking, and through changes in peer drinking. Finally, we have found that Black adolescents are significantly less responsive to movie exposure compared with Whites. We are following the cohort forward for an additional 3 waves as the adolescents enter high school (ages 15-19 years) and enriching the cohort with 600 Black adolescents in order to better evaluate racial differences in response to movie alcohol use. We aim also to study the association between exposure to movie alcohol use and (a) late-onset alcohol initiation among previous nonusers, and (b) increases in alcohol consumption and transition to alcohol abuse among previous users. In addition we aim to examine the implications of exposure to R-rated movies and growth in sensation seeking, and to assess the ongoing relation between exposure to movie alcohol use, R-rated movie exposure, and reckless driving and delinquent behaviors. The analyses will be conducted with controls for variables that may be correlated with movie exposure and these behaviors (e.g., parenting style), and will examine alcohol exposure effects for participants of different ages and race/ethnicity. The work will be conducted by an interdisciplinary team with expertise in substance use theory and advanced analytic procedures. In the continuation period we plan to highlight the scientific importance of the findings to existing networks of prevention professionals so as to influence education and policy approaches to reducing underage drinking problems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: We hypothesize that alcohol use teenagers see in movies influences their beliefs about alcohol use, increases the chances they will try alcohol, increases their consumption of alcohol, and increases the chances they will develop alcohol problems. This project aims to continue to study this relationship in a group of U.S. adolescents. Alcohol use is a major underlying cause of death during adolescence, mainly due to injuries sustained while driving under the influence of alcohol. Because exposure to alcohol in movies is universal, reducing such exposure could have major public health implications.