Neurobiological Reactivity, Allostatic Load and Depression in Mexican Youth

墨西哥青少年的神经生物学反应、稳态负荷和抑郁症

• 批准号: 8875767
• 负责人: Amanda E Guyer
• 金额: $ 53.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-06 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8875767
• 关键词: 15 year old; 16 year old; 19 year old; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; California; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Comorbidity; Cues; Data; Data Collection; Depressed mood; Depressive disorder; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Economics; Epidemiology; Ethnic group; Face; Family; Female; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Gender; Healthcare; Hormones; Hyperactive behavior; Incentives; Knowledge; Latino; Link; Longitudinal Studies; MRI Scans; Major Depressive Disorder; Measures; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mexican; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Mood Disorders; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Neurotic Disorders; Pattern; Personality; Physiological; Physiology; Population; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Race; Recruitment Activity; Request for Proposals; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sex Characteristics; Social Environment; Source; Stress; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Variant; Workload; Youth; allostatic load; base; biopsychosocial; child depression; contextual factors; depressive symptoms; disability; ethnic minority population; experience; flexibility; high risk; indexing; intervention program; model development; neurobiological mechanism; prospective; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; social; social stress; stressor; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests funds to examine allostatic load as a potential mechanism in the development of depression in Mexican-origin adolescents. Allostatic load is the loss of flexibility in how physiological systems respond to stressful experiences. High levels of allostatic load have been identified in Mexican origin adults who experience economic, familial, workload, and acculturative stress, yet allostatic load has not been examined from a dynamic, multi-systemic or longitudinal perspective in this ethnic group. Because adolescence increases the risk for the development of depression, longitudinal data are needed to understand how allostatic load and depression change over time in Mexican-origin youth, who 1) are among the largest ethnic minority group in the US, 2) face high risk for depression, and 3) experience high levels of stress. A comprehensive assessment of dynamic, multi-systemic neurobiological reactivity to incentives and social stressors, two symptom-specific contexts, is proposed to assess allostatic load. Our proposed study will add these assessments to an existing, ongoing longitudinal study of the development of psychopathology and adjustment in 673 adolescents of Mexican origin (California Families Project [CFP]; 2R01DA017902-06; Contact PI: R. Conger). From this larger sample, we will identify 250 youths (50% female) with elevated risk for depression based on symptom counts and neuroticism at age 15 years. At ages 16 and 18 years, these selected youth will complete functional magnetic resonance imaging scans while adrenocortical, immunological and autonomic psychophysiological data are collected simultaneously. We expect that high neurobiological reactivity to social stressors and low reactivity to incentives will relate to high levels of depression symptoms in Mexican-origin adolescents. We also hypothesize that neurobiological reactivity will be a more effective index of allostatic load in adolescence than a more traditional additive measure of allostatic load using elevated static measures of physiology. Importantly, by integrating the proposed study and the existing CFP study, we will capitalize on the extensive available data on risk and protective factors (e.g., cognitive, personality, behavioral, contextual and cultural) offered by the CFP. These data on risk and protective factors will support proposed analyses based on biopsychosocial models of the development of depression in Mexican-origin adolescents. We will examine allostatic load as a mediator and a moderator of associations among risk and protective social-contextual factors and changes in depression. Results of the study are expected to inform the development of more effective and culturally sensitive prevention programs for an important, growing and understudied population. The existence of the ongoing CFP study (through 2015) by Dr. Conger and colleagues, with a committed and representative community sample of Mexican origin families, makes this proposal feasible. The timing of the proposal is critical, as youths will be 16 years old when the start of neurobiologica data collection is planned. Consequently, this will be one of the only prospective longitudinal studies of allostatic load as a mechanism of the development of depression in Mexican-origin adolescents.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案要求资金将同种异体负荷作为墨西哥 - 原始青少年抑郁症发展的潜在机制。同种异体负荷是生理系统如何应对压力体验的柔韧性丧失。在经历经济，家族，工作量和适应性压力的墨西哥起源成年人中已经确定了高水平的同性载荷负荷，但在这个族裔群体中尚未从动态，多官能或纵向的观点中检查同种异体负荷。由于青春期增加了抑郁症的发展风险，因此需要纵向数据来了解墨西哥 - 裔青年时代随着时间的流逝和抑郁症的变化，谁是美国最大的少数民族群体之一，2）面临高抑郁症的风险，3）体验高水平的压力。提出了对激励措施和社会压力源的动态，多系统神经生物学的反应性的全面评估，这是两个特定于症状的环境，以评估同种异体负荷。我们提出的研究将在673名墨西哥起源的青少年（加利福尼亚家庭项目[CFP]; 2R01DA017902-06; CONTECT PI：R. CONGER）中，将这些评估添加到现有的，正在进行的心理病理学和调整发展的持续纵向研究中。从这个较大的样本中，我们将根据症状计数和15岁的神经质的抑郁症风险升高，并确定250名年轻人（50％女性）。在16岁和18岁时，这些选定的青年将完成功能性磁共振成像扫描，而肾上腺皮质，免疫学和自主心心理生理学数据则同时收集。我们预计，对社会压力源的神经生物学反应高，对激励措施的反应性较低将与墨西哥 - 原始青少年的高抑郁症状有关。我们还假设，与使用升高的静态静态量测量的生理学测量相比，神经生物学反应性将是青春期同层负荷的更有效指数。重要的是，通过整合拟议的研究和现有的CFP研究，我们将利用有关风险和保护因素的广泛可用数据（例如，认知，个性，行为，行为，上下文 和文化）由CFP提供。这些有关风险和保护因素的数据将基于墨西哥 - 裔青少年抑郁症发展的生物心理社会模型支持拟议的分析。我们将研究全静力负载，作为中介者和风险和保护性社会上下文因素和抑郁症变化之间关联的主持人。该研究的结果预计将为重要，成长和研究的人群提供更有效和文化敏感的预防计划的发展。 Conger博士及其同事的正在进行的CFP研究（直到2015年）的存在，并具有墨西哥起源家族的坚定而代表性的社区样本，这一建议可行。该提案的时机至关重要，因为计划收集Neurobiologica数据的开始时，年轻人将是16岁。因此，这将是唯一的对同性载量负荷的前瞻性纵向研究之一，这是墨西哥 - 裔青少年抑郁症发展的一种机制。