Neurobiological Reactivity, Allostatic Load and Depression in Mexican Youth

墨西哥青少年的神经生物学反应、稳态负荷和抑郁症

• 批准号: 8875767
• 负责人: Amanda E Guyer
• 金额: $ 53.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-06 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8875767
• 关键词: 15 year old; 16 year old; 19 year old; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; California; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Comorbidity; Cues; Data; Data Collection; Depressed mood; Depressive disorder; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Economics; Epidemiology; Ethnic group; Face; Family; Female; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Gender; Healthcare; Hormones; Hyperactive behavior; Incentives; Knowledge; Latino; Link; Longitudinal Studies; MRI Scans; Major Depressive Disorder; Measures; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mexican; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Mood Disorders; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Neurotic Disorders; Pattern; Personality; Physiological; Physiology; Population; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Race; Recruitment Activity; Request for Proposals; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sex Characteristics; Social Environment; Source; Stress; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Variant; Workload; Youth; allostatic load; base; biopsychosocial; child depression; contextual factors; depressive symptoms; disability; ethnic minority population; experience; flexibility; high risk; indexing; intervention program; model development; neurobiological mechanism; prospective; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; social; social stress; stressor; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests funds to examine allostatic load as a potential mechanism in the development of depression in Mexican-origin adolescents. Allostatic load is the loss of flexibility in how physiological systems respond to stressful experiences. High levels of allostatic load have been identified in Mexican origin adults who experience economic, familial, workload, and acculturative stress, yet allostatic load has not been examined from a dynamic, multi-systemic or longitudinal perspective in this ethnic group. Because adolescence increases the risk for the development of depression, longitudinal data are needed to understand how allostatic load and depression change over time in Mexican-origin youth, who 1) are among the largest ethnic minority group in the US, 2) face high risk for depression, and 3) experience high levels of stress. A comprehensive assessment of dynamic, multi-systemic neurobiological reactivity to incentives and social stressors, two symptom-specific contexts, is proposed to assess allostatic load. Our proposed study will add these assessments to an existing, ongoing longitudinal study of the development of psychopathology and adjustment in 673 adolescents of Mexican origin (California Families Project [CFP]; 2R01DA017902-06; Contact PI: R. Conger). From this larger sample, we will identify 250 youths (50% female) with elevated risk for depression based on symptom counts and neuroticism at age 15 years. At ages 16 and 18 years, these selected youth will complete functional magnetic resonance imaging scans while adrenocortical, immunological and autonomic psychophysiological data are collected simultaneously. We expect that high neurobiological reactivity to social stressors and low reactivity to incentives will relate to high levels of depression symptoms in Mexican-origin adolescents. We also hypothesize that neurobiological reactivity will be a more effective index of allostatic load in adolescence than a more traditional additive measure of allostatic load using elevated static measures of physiology. Importantly, by integrating the proposed study and the existing CFP study, we will capitalize on the extensive available data on risk and protective factors (e.g., cognitive, personality, behavioral, contextual and cultural) offered by the CFP. These data on risk and protective factors will support proposed analyses based on biopsychosocial models of the development of depression in Mexican-origin adolescents. We will examine allostatic load as a mediator and a moderator of associations among risk and protective social-contextual factors and changes in depression. Results of the study are expected to inform the development of more effective and culturally sensitive prevention programs for an important, growing and understudied population. The existence of the ongoing CFP study (through 2015) by Dr. Conger and colleagues, with a committed and representative community sample of Mexican origin families, makes this proposal feasible. The timing of the proposal is critical, as youths will be 16 years old when the start of neurobiologica data collection is planned. Consequently, this will be one of the only prospective longitudinal studies of allostatic load as a mechanism of the development of depression in Mexican-origin adolescents.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案要求提供资金，以研究非稳态负荷作为墨西哥裔青少年抑郁症发展的潜在机制。非稳态负荷是指生理系统在应对压力时失去灵活性。高水平的非稳态负荷已被确定在墨西哥裔成年人经历的经济，家庭，工作量和文化适应压力，但非稳态负荷尚未检查从动态，多系统或纵向的角度来看，在这个种族群体。由于青春期增加了抑郁症发展的风险，因此需要纵向数据来了解墨西哥裔青年的非稳态负荷和抑郁症如何随时间变化，他们1）是美国最大的少数民族群体之一，2）面临抑郁症的高风险，3）经历高水平的压力。一个全面的评估动态的，多系统的神经生物学反应的激励和社会压力，两个特定的背景下，提出评估allostatic负荷。我们拟定的研究将这些评估添加到现有的、正在进行的关于673名墨西哥裔青少年精神病理学发展和适应的纵向研究中（加州家庭项目[CFP]; 2R01DA017902 - 06;联系PI：R. Conger）。从这个更大的样本中，我们将根据15岁时的症状计数和神经质来确定250名患有抑郁症风险升高的青少年（50%为女性）。在16岁和18岁时，这些被选中的青年将完成功能性磁共振成像扫描，同时收集肾上腺皮质，免疫和自主神经心理生理学数据。我们预计，高的神经生物学反应的社会压力和低反应的激励措施将涉及到高水平的抑郁症状在墨西哥裔青少年。我们还假设，神经生物学反应性将是一个更有效的指标，在青春期的非稳态负荷比更传统的添加剂措施的非稳态负荷，提高静态措施的生理。重要的是，通过整合拟议的研究和现有的CFP研究，我们将利用有关风险和保护因素的广泛可用数据（例如，认知的，个性的，行为的，情境的 文化，由CFP提供。这些数据的风险和保护因素将支持拟议的分析基础上的生物心理社会模型的发展抑郁症在墨西哥裔青少年。我们将研究非稳态负荷作为风险和保护性社会背景因素与抑郁症变化之间关联的中介和调节剂。研究结果预计将为制定更有效和文化敏感的预防方案提供信息，这些方案适用于重要的、不断增长的和未得到充分研究的人口。Conger博士及其同事正在进行的CFP研究（到2015年），以及墨西哥血统家庭的承诺和代表性社区样本，使这一建议变得可行。该提案的时机至关重要，因为计划开始收集神经生物学数据时，年轻人将年满16岁。因此，这将是唯一的前瞻性纵向研究的非稳态负荷作为一种机制的抑郁症的发展在墨西哥裔青少年。