Visual Target Selection for Saccadic Eye Movements

描述（由申请人提供）：认知神经科学中一个主要的开放和非常重要的问题是：如何以及在哪里做出决定？基于使用运动辨别任务的实验工作，人们认为感知决定在控制动作产生的大脑视觉区域内进化。基于形式的决策是在大脑的什么地方计算出来的？从研究运动决策中收集的原则是否适用于基于形式的决策？记忆（由内侧颞叶系统介导）如何与感知相互作用以指导选择？我们在四个目标中解决这些问题。在目标1中，我们将确定性能的准确性和灵敏度的主题在新的知觉决策任务，依赖于形式的信息。我们将测试的假设，即受试者表现出的证据，在一个基于形式的，感性的决策任务的性能的决策约束过程。在目标2中，我们将确定V4纹外皮层在感知玻璃图案和依赖于形式辨别的新感知决策任务中的作用。我们将确定纹外皮层V4区的神经元活动和行为表现之间的关系，以同样的方式，MT神经元活动的特点是运动知觉的形式为基础的知觉任务。通过建立在我们以前的工作，在目标3中，我们将确定的上级丘的作用，在形式为基础的知觉决策和目标4中，我们将确定是否基底神经节在传递记忆信息的运动回路中发挥作用，以指导形式为基础的决策条件下的感觉不确定性。我们的实验结果将为大脑视觉区域的决策过程提供新的线索，并可能为理解涉及基底神经节的一些神经和神经精神疾病中出现的神秘症状提供一个框架。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A major open - and very important question in cognitive neuroscience is: how and where are decisions made? Based on experimental work using a motion discrimination task, it is thought that perceptual decisions evolve within visuomotor regions of the brain controlling the generation of action. Where in the brain are decisions based on form computed? Are the principles gleaned from studying motion decisions applicable to form-based decisions? How do memories (mediated by the medial temporal lobe system) interact with perceptions to guide choices? We address these questions in four aims. In Aim 1, we will determine performance accuracy and sensitivity of subjects in novel perceptual decision-making tasks that rely on form information. We will test the hypothesis that subjects show evidence of a decision-to-bound process in the performance of a form-based, perceptual decision-making task. In Aim 2, we will determine the role of V4 extrastriate cortex in the perception of Glass patterns and in a novel perceptual decision-making task that relies on form discrimination. We will determine the relationship between neuronal activity in extrastriate cortical area V4 and behavioral performance in a form-based perceptual task in the same way that MT neuronal activity was characterized for motion perception. By building on our previous work, in Aim 3, we will determine the role of the superior colliculus in form-based perceptual decision-making and in Aim 4, we will determine whether the basal ganglia play a role in conveying memory information to motor circuits to guide form-based decisions under conditions of sensory uncertainty. The results of our experiments will shed new light on decision-making processing in visual areas of the brain and may provide a framework for understanding enigmatic symptoms seen in a number of neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases involving the basal ganglia.