Plasticity in Aging and Memory for Everyday Activities

日常活动的衰老和记忆的可塑性

• 批准号: 9209594
• 负责人: Heather Bailey
• 金额: $ 19.71万
• 依托单位: KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9209594
• 关键词: Address; Age; Aging; Behavior; Behavioral; Cognitive; Communities; Comprehension; Elderly; Episodic memory; Event; Failure; Family; Future; Goals; Health; Healthcare; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Life Style; Location; Measures; Memory; Memory Loss; Mission; Modeling; Nature; Neurobiology; Organism; Perception; Play; Preparation; Psyche structure; Reading; Research; Retrieval; Role; Semantics; Short-Term Memory; Structure; Students; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Vision; Woman; behavior influence; cognitive ability; cognitive change; demented; design; disability; experience; improved; innovation; knowledge base; long term memory; movie; neuroimaging; new technology; oculomotor; processing speed; spatial memory; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY As we age, cognitive abilities such as working memory and episodic memory decline, but semantic knowledge remains intact. This proposal will test whether older adults can leverage their intact semantic knowledge to offset the declines in working memory and episodic memory. In particular, the proposed studies will assess whether semantic knowledge improves how everyday activities are encoded. The long-term goal of this research is to identify ways in which older adults can use their intact knowledge to improve their everyday memory, make effective decisions in everyday life (e.g., decisions about healthcare and estate planning), interact with new technology, and maintain an independent lifestyle. This goal is highly relevant to the NIH core mission “to seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability.” Aim 1 of this proposal will determine how knowledge use during event encoding changes with age. Aim 2 will test a knowledge-based intervention for improving everyday memory. The proposal will use an innovative combination of behavioral oculomotor, and neuroimaging measures of event encoding to address these aims. We will assess how younger and older adults adapt their strategies when learning new information. Specifically, this project will focus on the extent to which people can learn to utilize their existing knowledge to effectively encode everyday activities. We hypothesize that semantic knowledge will improve event encoding. Further, we predict that because older adults often experience everyday memory failures, they will learn to rely on their increased knowledge base to offset these impairments. Thus, we predict that knowledge will improve everyday memory to a greater extent for older adults. Our goal of improving older adults' ability to encode and retrieve everyday activities is aligned with NIA's vision for older adults to “enjoy robust health and independence, remain physically and mentally active, and continue to make positive contributions to their families and communities.”

项目摘要 随着年龄的增长，认知能力，例如工作记忆和情节记忆的下降，但是语义知识 保持完整。该建议将测试老年人是否可以利用自己的完整语义知识来 抵消工作记忆和情节记忆中的下降。特别是，拟议的研究将评估 语义知识是否改善了每天的活动的编码方式。这个长期目标 研究是确定老年人可以使用完整知识来改善自己的一天的方法 记忆，在日常生活中做出有效的决定（例如，关于医疗保健和房地产计划的决定）， 与新技术互动，并保持独立的生活方式。这个目标与NIH核心高度相关 使命“寻求有关生活系统的性质和行为的基本知识，并应用 这些知识以提高健康，延长生命并减少疾病和残疾。”该提议的目标1将 确定事件中的知识使用如何随着年龄的增长而变化。 AIM 2将测试基于知识的 干预日常记忆的干预措施。该提案将使用行为的创新组合 动眼运动和事件编码的神经影像措施以解决这些目标。我们将评估如何 在学习新信息时，年轻人和老年人适应了策略。具体来说，这个项目将 专注于人们可以学会利用其现有知识以有效编码的程度 活动。我们假设语义知识将改善事件编码。此外，我们预测 因为老年人经常每天都会经历记忆失败，所以他们将学会依靠自己的增加 知识基础可以抵消这些障碍。那就是我们预测，知识将每天都在改善记忆 对于老年人来说，更大程度地。我们提高老年人每天编码和检索能力的目标 活动与NIA对老年人的愿景保持一致 身体和精神上的活跃，并继续为其家庭和社区做出积极的贡献。”