Plasticity in Aging and Memory for Everyday Activities

日常活动的衰老和记忆的可塑性

• 批准号: 10197944
• 负责人: Heather Bailey
• 金额: $ 22.8万
• 依托单位: KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10197944
• 关键词: Address; Age; Aging; Behavior; Behavioral; Cognitive; Communities; Comprehension; Elderly; Episodic memory; Event; Failure; Family; Future; Goals; Health; Healthcare; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Life Style; Location; Measures; Memory; Memory Loss; Mission; Modeling; Nature; Neurobiology; Organism; Perception; Play; Preparation; Psyche structure; Reading; Research; Retrieval; Role; Semantics; Short-Term Memory; Structure; Students; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Vision; Woman; behavior influence; cognitive ability; cognitive change; demented; design; disability; experience; improved; innovation; knowledge base; long term memory; movie; neuroimaging; new technology; oculomotor; processing speed; spatial memory; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY As we age, cognitive abilities such as working memory and episodic memory decline, but semantic knowledge remains intact. This proposal will test whether older adults can leverage their intact semantic knowledge to offset the declines in working memory and episodic memory. In particular, the proposed studies will assess whether semantic knowledge improves how everyday activities are encoded. The long-term goal of this research is to identify ways in which older adults can use their intact knowledge to improve their everyday memory, make effective decisions in everyday life (e.g., decisions about healthcare and estate planning), interact with new technology, and maintain an independent lifestyle. This goal is highly relevant to the NIH core mission “to seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability.” Aim 1 of this proposal will determine how knowledge use during event encoding changes with age. Aim 2 will test a knowledge-based intervention for improving everyday memory. The proposal will use an innovative combination of behavioral oculomotor, and neuroimaging measures of event encoding to address these aims. We will assess how younger and older adults adapt their strategies when learning new information. Specifically, this project will focus on the extent to which people can learn to utilize their existing knowledge to effectively encode everyday activities. We hypothesize that semantic knowledge will improve event encoding. Further, we predict that because older adults often experience everyday memory failures, they will learn to rely on their increased knowledge base to offset these impairments. Thus, we predict that knowledge will improve everyday memory to a greater extent for older adults. Our goal of improving older adults' ability to encode and retrieve everyday activities is aligned with NIA's vision for older adults to “enjoy robust health and independence, remain physically and mentally active, and continue to make positive contributions to their families and communities.”

项目摘要 随着年龄的增长，工作记忆和情景记忆等认知能力下降，但语义知识 仍然完好无损。这项提案将测试老年人是否可以利用他们完整的语义知识， 抵消了工作记忆和情景记忆的衰退。特别是，拟议的研究将评估 语义知识是否改善了日常活动的编码方式。长期目标是 研究的目的是确定老年人如何利用他们完整的知识来改善他们的日常生活。 记忆，在日常生活中做出有效的决定（例如，关于医疗保健和遗产规划的决定）， 与新技术互动，并保持独立的生活方式。这一目标与NIH的核心高度相关 使命“寻求有关生命系统的性质和行为的基础知识， 这些知识可以增进健康、延长寿命、减少疾病和残疾。”本提案的目标1将 确定事件编码期间知识使用如何随年龄变化。目标2将测试一个基于知识的 改善日常记忆的方法。该提案将采用创新的行为组合， 眼科和事件编码的神经成像测量来解决这些目标。我们将评估如何 年轻人和老年人在学习新信息时调整他们的策略。具体而言，该项目将 关注人们可以在多大程度上学会利用现有知识来有效地进行日常编码 活动我们假设，语义知识将改善事件编码。此外，我们预测， 因为老年人经常经历日常记忆失败，他们将学会依靠他们增加的记忆力。 知识库来弥补这些缺陷。因此，我们预测知识将改善日常记忆 在更大程度上对老年人来说。我们的目标是提高老年人每天编码和检索的能力 活动与NIA的老年人愿景相一致，即“享受健康和独立， 身心健康，并继续为家庭和社区作出积极贡献。”