Plasticity in Aging and Memory for Everyday Activities

日常活动的衰老和记忆的可塑性

• 批准号: 10197944
• 负责人: Heather Bailey
• 金额: $ 22.8万
• 依托单位: KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10197944
• 关键词: Address; Age; Aging; Behavior; Behavioral; Cognitive; Communities; Comprehension; Elderly; Episodic memory; Event; Failure; Family; Future; Goals; Health; Healthcare; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Life Style; Location; Measures; Memory; Memory Loss; Mission; Modeling; Nature; Neurobiology; Organism; Perception; Play; Preparation; Psyche structure; Reading; Research; Retrieval; Role; Semantics; Short-Term Memory; Structure; Students; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Vision; Woman; behavior influence; cognitive ability; cognitive change; demented; design; disability; experience; improved; innovation; knowledge base; long term memory; movie; neuroimaging; new technology; oculomotor; processing speed; spatial memory; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY As we age, cognitive abilities such as working memory and episodic memory decline, but semantic knowledge remains intact. This proposal will test whether older adults can leverage their intact semantic knowledge to offset the declines in working memory and episodic memory. In particular, the proposed studies will assess whether semantic knowledge improves how everyday activities are encoded. The long-term goal of this research is to identify ways in which older adults can use their intact knowledge to improve their everyday memory, make effective decisions in everyday life (e.g., decisions about healthcare and estate planning), interact with new technology, and maintain an independent lifestyle. This goal is highly relevant to the NIH core mission “to seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability.” Aim 1 of this proposal will determine how knowledge use during event encoding changes with age. Aim 2 will test a knowledge-based intervention for improving everyday memory. The proposal will use an innovative combination of behavioral oculomotor, and neuroimaging measures of event encoding to address these aims. We will assess how younger and older adults adapt their strategies when learning new information. Specifically, this project will focus on the extent to which people can learn to utilize their existing knowledge to effectively encode everyday activities. We hypothesize that semantic knowledge will improve event encoding. Further, we predict that because older adults often experience everyday memory failures, they will learn to rely on their increased knowledge base to offset these impairments. Thus, we predict that knowledge will improve everyday memory to a greater extent for older adults. Our goal of improving older adults' ability to encode and retrieve everyday activities is aligned with NIA's vision for older adults to “enjoy robust health and independence, remain physically and mentally active, and continue to make positive contributions to their families and communities.”

项目总结 随着年龄的增长，工作记忆和情景记忆等认知能力会下降，但语义知识却会下降 仍然完好无损。这项提议将测试老年人是否可以利用他们完整的语义知识来 抵消了工作记忆和情景记忆的下降。特别是，拟议的研究将评估 语义知识是否改善了日常活动的编码方式。这样做的长期目标是 研究是确定老年人如何利用他们完整的知识来改善他们的日常生活 记忆力，在日常生活中做出有效的决定(例如，关于医疗保健和遗产规划的决定)， 与新技术互动，保持独立的生活方式。这一目标与美国国立卫生研究院的核心高度相关 使命“寻求有关生命系统的性质和行为的基本知识，以及 这些知识有助于增进健康、延长寿命、减少疾病和残疾。本提案的目标1将 确定事件编码过程中的知识使用情况如何随年龄变化。目标2将测试一个基于知识的 改善日常记忆的干预措施。该提案将使用创新的行为组合 动眼神经和神经成像测量的事件编码，以解决这些目标。我们将评估如何 年轻人和老年人在学习新信息时会调整他们的策略。具体地说，这个项目将 关注人们可以在多大程度上学习利用现有知识来有效地进行日常编码 活动。我们假设语义知识将改进事件编码。此外，我们预测， 由于老年人经常经历日常记忆衰竭，他们将学会依赖于增加的记忆 知识库来弥补这些缺陷。因此，我们预测知识将改善日常记忆 在更大程度上是针对老年人的。我们的目标是提高老年人每天编码和检索的能力 活动与NIA对老年人的愿景一致，即“享受健康和独立，保持 身心健康，继续为家庭和社区做出积极贡献。