A TRANSLATIONAL MODEL OF HEALTHY SOCIOEMOTIONAL AGING

项目摘要 到2060年，美国将至少有9800万老年人（65岁或以上） （科尔比和奥特曼，2014年），强调迫切需要了解推动健康的生物过程， “成功”衰老。虽然衰老伴随着许多负面的变化（例如，记忆力衰退）， 矛盾的是，现有的数据表明，社会和情感生活实际上随着年龄的增长而变得更好。老年人 报告更多积极的社会经验，更多积极和/或更少消极的情绪体验， 偏向正面而远离负面刺激的注意力（例如，Birditt等人，2005; 2009; Luong等人， 2011; Gross等人，1997; Carstensen等人，2011; Isaacowitz等人，2006 a，B; Isaacowitz等人，2008年; Isaacowitz， 2012; Mather & Carstensen，2003）。这种现象被称为“积极效应”（Mather & Carstensen， 2005; Carstensen & Mikels，2005）。这项研究的目标是迈出理解的第一步 通过建立健康的动物模型， 人类社会情绪老化的理解，我们必须了解健康，以治疗那些谁不是 健康.为此，将使用一套与人类使用的测试相似的测试来评估 恒河猴的社会情感过程，这些测试的翻译相关性将是 在任务的基础上确定。拟议的工作将评估动物的社会行为，视觉 注意积极和消极的刺激，以及与活动相关的情绪反应特征， 自主神经系统这项研究的目标是建立恒河猴作为一种模型， 人类健康的社会情绪老化-服务于理解生物学的长期目标 支持健康的社会情绪老龄化的机制，这反过来将使有效的发展， 治疗和干预措施，以促进我们老龄化人口的健康和福祉。

Project Summary By 2060, there will be at least 98 million older adults (65 years of age or older) living in the United States (Colby & Ortman, 2014), underscoring the urgency to understand the biological processes that drive healthy, “successful” aging. While aging is accompanied by a host of negative changes (e.g., deterioration of memory), paradoxically, existing data demonstrate that social and emotional life actually get better with age. Older adults report more positive social experiences, more positive and/or less negative emotional experiences, and have biased attention towards positive and away from negative stimuli (e.g., Birditt et al., 2005; 2009; Luong et al., 2011; Gross et al., 1997; Carstensen et al., 2011; Isaacowitz et al., 2006a,b; Isaacowitz et al., 2008; Isaacowitz, 2012; Mather & Carstensen, 2003). This phenomenon is known as the “positivity effect” (Mather & Carstensen, 2005; Carstensen & Mikels, 2005). The goal of the proposed research is to take the first step in understanding the biological mechanisms that generate this “positivity effect” by establishing an animal model of healthy human socioemotional aging with the understanding that we must understand health to treat those who are not healthy. To that end, a suite of tests homologous to those used with humans will be used to evaluate socioemotional processes in rhesus macaques, and the translational relevance of those tests will be determined on a task-by-task basis. The proposed work will evaluate the social behavior of the animals, visual attention to positive and negative stimuli, and features of emotional responding associated with activity in the autonomic nervous system. The goal of the proposed research – to establish rhesus monkeys as a model for healthy socioemotional aging in humans – serves the long-term goal of understanding the biological mechanisms that support healthy socioemotional aging, which in turn will enable development of effective treatments and interventions to promote health and well-being in our aging population.