Reducing Hazardous Alcohol Use in Social Networks using Targeted Intervention

摘要 本申请为R 01 AA 023522的更新。第一个供资周期的目的是评价 短期动机干预（BMI）对大学生危险酒精使用的间接影响 完整的社交网络我们在一所大学招收了90%（N = 1489）的一年级学生， 在5个月和12个月时的比率为98%和96%。该研究的所有目标都得到了实现，包括确定 那些因为与其他酗酒者有最佳联系而成为干预对象的饮酒者， BMI（与自然史对照组相比; NHC），组间差异（BMI与NHC） 在没有接受干预的重度饮酒者中可以检测到，支持间接饮酒的概念。 干预效果与社交网络文献一致，该文献理论上认为， 个人可以传播给他人，这项更新研究的目的是评估是否间接 干预效果可以在年龄较大的学生中检测到，当友谊建立时，大多数 学生已达到法律的饮酒年龄，而且大多数住在校外，那里与酒精有关的风险最高。后期 在大学期间，新兴的成年人也通过学术，职业和心理社会的转变而取得进步 地区我们将招收一个新的学年（预计N = 1310），并使用两组设计，其中重 饮酒组的学生被随机分配到BMI或NHC。一种网络节点选择算法 在目前的研究中创建的将确定每个集群中最有影响力的成员，包括25%的重 总饮酒者，每组N = 75。在BMI组中，这些网络成员将在2010年春季获得BMI。 他们的大三加上更新的个性化反馈，作为他们大四秋季的助推器，旨在 当大部分学生离开校园时，解决风险;那些在NHC中被选中的学生将不会获得 contact.该网络的所有参与者将在大四和毕业后的秋季接受跟踪。 我们的目的是（1）调查这种干预的间接影响，即确定亲密的朋友是否 的重度饮酒者也从中受益，（2）识别社会影响 干预接受者影响其他重度饮酒者的机制，（3）识别网络， 关系条件下，干预是最有效的，（4）确定是否 干预，酒精使用的相关变化和网络因素影响发展转变 对年轻人来说至关重要。此次更新将利用对社交网络的纵向评估 联系，相关的同伴互动，以及个人网络成员在发展过程中的物质使用 从大学中期到毕业以后关于酒精参与和网络关系的数据提供了一个 无与伦比的机会，以确定风险因素是如何通过同龄人的关系，作为早期成年人传播 在不同的风险时期成熟，并确定是否可以利用这些影响来减少 酒精相关的风险。

ABSTRACT This application is a renewal for R01AA023522. The aims of the first cycle of funding were to evaluate the indirect effect of a Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) for hazardous alcohol use among college students in a complete social network. We enrolled 90% (N = 1489) of the first-year class at one university, with follow-up rates of 98% and 96% at 5 and 12 months. All goals of the study were met, including establishing that heavy drinkers targeted for intervention because they are optimally connected to other heavy drinkers are responsive to a BMI (compared to Natural History Controls; NHC), and that group differences (BMI vs. NHC) are detectable among heavy drinkers who received no intervention, supporting the concept of an indirect intervention effect. Consistent with the social network literature that theorizes that changes in behavior among individuals can be transmitted to others, the purpose of this renewal study is to evaluate whether indirect intervention effects can be detected in older students at a time when friendships are established, most students are of legal drinking age, and most live off campus where alcohol-related risks are highest. In the later college years, emerging adults also progress through transitions in academic, vocational, and psychosocial areas. We will enroll a new class year (anticipated N = 1310), and use a two-group design in which heavy drinking clusters of students are randomly assigned to either BMI or NHC. A network node selection algorithm created in the current study will identify the most influential members of each cluster comprising 25% of heavy drinkers overall, N = 75 per group. In the BMI group these network members will receive a BMI in the spring of their junior year plus updated personalized feedback as a booster in the fall of their senior year, intended to address risks when a large percent of students move off campus; those selected in NHC will receive no contact. All participants in the network will be followed through their senior year and in the fall after graduation. Our aims are to (1) investigate the indirect effects of this intervention, that is, determine whether close friends of the heavy drinkers who receive the intervention benefit from it as well, (2) identify the social influence mechanisms through which the intervention recipients affect other heavy drinkers, (3) identify the network and relationship conditions under which the intervention is the most effective, and (4) determine whether the intervention, associated changes in alcohol use, and network factors influence developmental transitions critical for young adults. This renewal will capitalize on longitudinal assessment of the social network connections, associated peer interactions, and individual network members' substance use as they evolve from the mid-college to beyond graduation. Having data on alcohol involvement and network ties provides an unparalleled opportunity to identify how risk factors are transmitted through peer relationships as early adults mature through different times of risk, and determine whether those influences can be leveraged to reduce alcohol-related risk community wide.