Reducing Hazardous Alcohol Use in Social Networks using Targeted Intervention

通过有针对性的干预减少社交网络中有害酒精的使用

• 批准号: 8963122
• 负责人: NANCY P BARNETT
• 金额: $ 63.27万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-10 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8963122
• 关键词: Adolescent and Young Adult; Alcohol abuse; Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral Model; Control Groups; Data; Enrollment; Environment; Evolution; Exposure to; Frequencies; Friends; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Influentials; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Life; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Minority; Modeling; Natural History; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Randomized; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Social Network; Social Reinforcement; Social support; Structure; Students; Testing; Treatment Efficacy; Universities; Work; Youth; age group; alcohol behavior; alcohol consequences; alcohol intervention; base; behavior change; behavior measurement; brief motivational intervention; college; college drinking; comparison group; drinking; drinking behavior; effective intervention; emerging adulthood; falls; follow-up; group intervention; intervention effect; member; multilevel analysis; peer; peer influence; protective behavior; public health relevance; reduced alcohol use; social; social cognitive theory; theories; therapy development; university student; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Heavy alcohol use and its associated problems are a serious public health issue among young adults, with college students residing on campus showing the highest rates of hazardous use. The college environment in which peer relationships are highly valued exacerbates risks seen in emerging adulthood, but intervention approaches that use the peer social network to induce change in heavy drinking have not been developed for college student populations. Social network theory suggests that an empirically effective intervention administered to a minority of prominent social network members can result in change throughout the network as a function of ties in the network. Social learning theory provides a complementary perspective that articulates specific mechanisms through which the influence of behavior change in a network may occur. The objective of this proposal is to establish the efficacy of reducing heavy drinking and alcohol problems in college students by reducing the heavy drinking of influential members in their peer social network. The specific aims are to: (1) investigate the efficacy of targeted Brief Motivational Intervention for reducing heavy drinking in network members who received no intervention; (2) identify the social influence mechanisms through which the intervention effect was conveyed; (3) identify network and relationship features that moderate intervention efficacy; and (4) investigate the intervention effect on participant network position and drinking-based selection within the network. Building from successful pilot work, first-year students (N = 1,280) living in 10 first-year dormitories on one college campus will be enrolled and assessed in the first month of the year. Assessments will include behavioral measures and network ties to other students in the same class year. Dormitories will be paired by size and randomly assigned to a Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) or Natural History Control (NHC). Using baseline data, heavy drinking participants in the top quartile of betweenness centrality - an indicator of social influence in the network - (n = 160 12.5% of participants in each intervention group) will receive a single session BMI midway through the first academic semester or will serve as controls. Follow-up assessments will be conducted on all participants 5 and 12 months post-baseline and the indirect effect of the intervention will be tested on the other heavy drinkers in the sample (N = 480) who received no direct intervention. Five domains of social influence derived from social learning theory will be investigated as mechanisms of the transmitted intervention effect, and network proximity and relationship quality will be investigated as moderators. Multilevel modeling will be used to evaluate intervention outcomes, and stochastic actor-oriented modeling will be used to examine hypothesized social influence mechanisms, moderators, and changes in the network. This research design represents a bold step in alcohol preventative intervention research and has the potential to inform the development of interventions that have effects beyond the intervention recipients themselves.

 描述（由申请人提供）：大量饮酒及其相关问题是年轻人中一个严重的公共卫生问题，居住在校园内的大学生的危险使用率最高。高度重视同伴关系的大学环境加剧了成年初期的风险，但尚未针对大学生群体开发出利用同伴社交网络来改变酗酒行为的干预方法。社交网络理论表明，对少数著名社交网络成员进行的经验有效的干预可以导致整个网络发生变化，作为网络中关系的函数。社会学习理论提供了一种补充视角，阐明了网络中行为变化可能产生影响的具体机制。该提案的目的是通过减少同伴社交网络中有影响力成员的酗酒来确定减少大学生酗酒和酒精问题的功效。具体目标是：（1）调查有针对性的简短动机干预对于减少未接受干预的网络成员酗酒的效果； （2）识别干预效果传递的社会影响机制； (3) 识别调节干预效果的网络和关系特征； (4) 调查干预措施 对参与者网络位置和网络内基于饮酒的选择的影响。在成功试点工作的基础上，居住在一个大学校园内 10 个一年级宿舍的一年级学生 (N = 1,280) 将在今年的第一个月进行入学和评估。评估将包括行为测量以及与同一年级其他学生的网络联系。宿舍将按大小配对，并随机分配至简短动机干预 (BMI) 或自然历史控制 (NHC)。使用基线数据，处于介数中心性（网络中社会影响力指标）前四分之一的重度饮酒参与者（n = 160，每个干预组中参与者的 12.5%）将在第一个学期中途接受单次 BMI 或作为对照。将对基线后 5 个月和 12 个月的所有参与者进行后续评估，并将对样本中未接受直接干预的其他重度饮酒者 (N = 480) 进行测试干预的间接效果。将研究源自社会学习理论的五个社会影响领域作为传递干预效应的机制，并将网络邻近度和关系质量作为调节因素进行研究。多层次建模将用于评估干预结果，随机行为者导向模型将用于检查假设的社会影响机制、调节因素和网络变化。这项研究设计代表了酒精预防干预研究中的大胆一步，并且有可能为干预措施的开发提供信息，这些干预措施的影响超出了干预接受者本身的范围。