Mental Health in Autistic Adults: An RDoC Approach

成人自闭症患者的心理健康：RDoC 方法

• 批准号: 10523169
• 负责人: GREG J SIEGLE
• 金额: $ 41.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-06 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10523169
• 关键词: Affective; Age; Behavioral; Brain; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Differential Equation; Distal; Distress; Ecological momentary assessment; Emotional; Emotions; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Event; Feedback; Feeling suicidal; Formulation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Hearing; Image; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Lead; Life; Literature; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Motor; Names; Neural Network Simulation; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Physiological; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Process; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Pupil; Reaction; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research Domain Criteria; Rest; Self-Injurious Behavior; Semantics; Sensory; Series; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sinus Arrhythmia; Social Network; Stimulus; Suicide; System; Testing; Time; Trauma; Work; adult with autism spectrum disorder; autism spectrum disorder; autistic; base; behavioral response; causal model; cognitive control; cognitive task; coping; design; emotion dysregulation; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; experience; indexing; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; neural model; neural recruitment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; preservation; prospective; recruit; relating to nervous system; respiratory; response; sex; social; success; suicidal risk; support network

Abstract Autism is frequently characterized by hyper-reactivity to emotional and intense stimuli, but also, apparent shutting down or blunted reactions, consistent with hypo-reactivity. This project uses neuroimaging to test a mechanistic model in which the same individuals display hyper-reactivity in brain networks responsible for perceiving emotional and sensory information, but inability to recruit neural mechanisms responsible for physiological and behavioral regulatory responses (i.e., apparent hypo-reactivity). This combination yields inwardly sustained, but outwardly blunted reactions akin to being locked in, “screaming inside” while unable to use typical executive, motor, and social mechanisms to regulate these experiences. N=200 autistic and 100 non-autistic individuals will complete tasks involving hearing criticism and praise, naming the valence of emotional words in alternation with cognitive tasks, and seeing visually intense full-field images as well as resting state assessment. Aims include assessment of early hyper-reactivity in brain systems responsible for perception and emotion generation, and subsequent hypo-connectivity and hypo-reactivity with regions that facilitate regulatory control cognitively, socially, and through motor actions. An integrative mechanistic neural network model will be used to examine whether this formulation could yield individual differences in ecological momentary assessment, ambulatory psychophysiology, and self-reported suicidality in the other projects. The potential significance of this work is to dispel the idea that autistic individuals have blunted reactions, and rather to say that their brains are very reactive, and they cannot effectively express or cope with this reactivity. This formulation could lead to different approaches to intervention than are currently available to the autistic community.

摘要 自闭症的特征通常是对情绪和强烈刺激的过度反应，但也很明显 关闭或钝化反应，符合低反应性。这个项目使用神经成像来测试一个 在这种机制模型中，相同的个体在大脑网络中表现出高度反应性， 感知情感和感官信息，但无法招募负责 生理和行为调节反应（即，明显的低反应性）。这种组合产生 内心持续，但外表迟钝的反应类似于被锁在里面，“在里面尖叫”，而无法 使用典型的执行，运动和社会机制来调节这些经验。N=200例自闭症患者和100例 非自闭症个体将完成的任务包括听到批评和赞扬，命名的效价， 情感词汇与认知任务交替进行，看到视觉上强烈的全场图像， 静息状态评估。其目的包括评估负责以下疾病的大脑系统中的早期高反应性： 感知和情感的产生，以及随后的低连接性和低反应性， 通过认知、社交和运动动作促进调节控制。一个整合的机械神经 网络模型将被用来研究这个公式是否会产生生态的个体差异， 其他项目中的瞬时评估、动态心理生理学和自我报告的自杀倾向。的 这项工作的潜在意义是消除自闭症个体反应迟钝的想法， 而是说他们的大脑反应性很强，他们不能有效地表达或科普这种反应。 这种表述可能会导致不同的方法来干预比目前可用于自闭症 社区