Making connections among social ties, neural sensitivity to social signals, and outcomes

项目总结 社交孤立与过度饮酒、抑郁、焦虑和其他不良后果有关(例如， Daeppen.等人，2013；Moos等人，2001；Muller等人，2017；Zuckermann等人，2020)。还有很大的变异性 存在于这些协会中，因此社会关系有限的个人确实会经历积极的结果 与社会有联系的个人也同样会经历负面结果(Bond等人，2007；Bryan等人，2017； Eddie&Kelly，2017；Spohr等人，2019年)。尽管社会因素在酒精使用和相关领域的重要性 结果，社会联系或孤立产生积极和消极结果的机制 在很大程度上仍然没有被探索，部分原因是在一个 参数方式。我们以前已经证明，对社交信号的敏感度可以在 互动行为经济博弈的背景，并提供强大的工具来检查来源 社会偏好与心理健康相关的变异性和潜在机制(Chung et 等人，2015年；Chiu等人，2008年；King-Casas等人，2005,2008；King-Casas&Chiu，2012)。在这里，我们使用这些工具 测试在社会互动环境中对社会信号的敏感性如何影响社会关系的可能性 酒精使用、情绪和焦虑的收益率变异性。 为了检验社会联系、对社会信号的敏感性和结果之间的联系，我们结合了 一项纵向队列设计，包括时滞中介分析、功能神经成像和行为研究 经济社会交流任务。我们将在目标1中同时评估这些关联，(Ii)随着时间的推移 在目标2中，以及(Iii)在目标3中以大的在线样本遵循与新冠肺炎相关的社会限制。 假设对社会信号的敏感度(通过神经计算指数来衡量)将会降低 并调解社会关系和饮酒以及相关结果之间的联系。这项工作提交于 响应PAR-19-373请求解决社交连通性基本机制的应用， 连接性和孤立性，包括与新冠肺炎相关的那些。该申请进一步符合特定的要求 NIAAA和NIMH的兴趣以及对社会的生物、心理、社会原因和影响的机械学研究 联系和隔离“和”社会联系和隔离的行为[和]神经生物学机制 导致饮酒、上瘾或停止消费的。

PROJECT SUMMARY Social isolation is associated with excessive alcohol use, depression, anxiety, and other poor outcomes (e.g., Daeppen et al., 2013; Moos et al., 2001; Muller et al., 2017; Zuckermann et al., 2020). Substantial variability also exists in these associations, such that individuals with limited social ties do experience positive outcomes and socially connected individuals similarly do experience negative outcomes (Bond et al., 2007; Bryan et al., 2017; Eddie & Kelly, 2017; Spohr et al., 2019). Despite the importance of social factors in alcohol use and related outcomes, the mechanisms via which social connectedness or isolation yield positive and negative outcomes remains largely unexplored, in part due to difficulties eliciting and quantifying interpersonal processes in a parametric manner. We have previously shown that sensitivity to social signals may be parameterized in the context of interactive behavioral economic games and provide powerful tools with which to examine sources of variability and potential mechanisms through which social preferences are related to mental health (Chung et al., 2015; Chiu et al., 2008; King-Casas et al., 2005, 2008; King-Casas & Chiu, 2012). Here, we use these tools to test the possibility that sensitivity to social signals in the context of social interaction influences how social ties yield variability in alcohol use, mood, and anxiety. To examine associations among social connectedness, sensitivity to social signals, and outcomes, we combine a longitudinal cohort design including time-lagged mediation analyses, functional neuroimaging, and a behavioral economic social exchange task. We will assess these associations (i) contemporaneously in Aim 1, (ii) over time in Aim 2, and (iii) following social restrictions related to COVID-19 in a large online sample in Aim 3. The broad hypothesis is that sensitivity to social signals (as measured by neurocomputational indices) will both moderate and mediate associations between social ties and alcohol use and related outcomes. The work is submitted in response to PAR-19-373 requesting applications addressing basic mechanisms of social connectedness, connection, and isolation, including those related to COVID-19. The application further is in line with specific interests of NIAAA and NIMH and in “mechanistic studies of the biopsychosocial causes and effects of social connection and isolation” and “behavioral [and] neurobiological mechanisms of social connection and isolation leading to alcohol use, addiction, or cessation of consumption.”