权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

ALCOHOL AND ACQUAINTANCE ASSAULT RISK PERCEPTION

酒精和熟人攻击风险认知

基本信息

批准号：
6733976
负责人：
JEANETTE NORRIS
金额：
$ 6.34万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2000-02-03 至 2005-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6733976
关键词：
alcoholic beverage consumption attitude behavioral /social science research tag clinical research decision making dyadic interaction expectancy female high risk behavior /lifestyle human subject prevention rape social model social perception substance abuse related behavior women's health

项目摘要

(Revised) Assault by acquaintances is a serious problem for young women. Approximately 1 in 4 experience either assault or attempted assault, the overwhelming majority of which are committed by acquaintances. Alcohol consumption by the victim, assailant or both is involved in more than half. One key element of assault prevention is early perception of risk, which enables women to respond effectively and extricate herself from the situation before it escalates. In assessing risk and responding to it, women make a series of primary and secondary cognitive appraisals. Primary appraisals are those directed specifically to acknowledging and assessing the level of risk in a particular situation. Secondary appraisals involve weighing one's potential to respond effectively against psychological barriers. We propose that both women's own alcohol consumption and their perception of the assailant's consumption can affect this cognitive appraisal process. Theoretical models of cognitive appraisal and coping and response conflict related to alcohol consumption provide the foundation for the proposed studies. Six experiments are proposed to investigate alcohol's physiological and expectancy set effects on women's primary and secondary cognitive appraisals and responses to assault. In addition to alcohol and expectancy set, manipulated variables include situational variables that generate response conflict and the situational cue value of assailant's alcohol consumption. Background factors, including alcohol outcome expectancies, prior victimization, and attitudes will also be examined. This work will provide important information about how women's alcohol consumption and their expectancies related to alcohol's role in aggression affect perception of risk and subsequent responding to it. Findings have implications for designing prevention interventions, especially related to alcohol's role as a risk factor for assault.

（订正）熟人的攻击是年轻妇女面临的一个严重问题。大约四分之一的人经历过袭击或企图袭击，其中绝大多数是熟人犯下的。一半以上的原因与受害者、袭击者或两者的饮酒有关。预防攻击的一个关键因素是及早察觉风险，使妇女能够有效地作出反应，在局势升级之前摆脱困境。在评估风险和应对风险时，女性会做出一系列初级和次级认知评估。主要评估是专门针对确认和评估特定情况下风险水平的评估。二次评估涉及衡量一个人有效应对心理障碍的潜力。我们建议，妇女自己的酒精消费和他们的看法的攻击者的消费可以影响这一认知评估过程。认知评价和应对与反应冲突的理论模型与酒精消费提供了拟议的研究的基础。六个实验，提出了调查酒精的生理和期望设置对妇女的初级和次级认知评价和攻击的反应。除了酒精和期望集外，操纵变量还包括产生反应冲突的情境变量和攻击者饮酒的情境线索值。背景因素，包括酒精的结果预期，以前的受害，态度也将进行审查。这项工作将提供重要的信息，如何妇女的酒精消费和他们的期望有关酒精的作用，侵略影响感知的风险，并随后回应it.Findings的影响，设计预防干预措施，特别是有关酒精的作用，作为一个危险因素的攻击。