Alcohol Effects on Cognitive & Affective Mediation of Women's Decision Making

描述(由申请人提供)：该项目是RO1AA014512的竞争性更新，并将继续开展关于酒精？S对女性的影响？S风险相关决策的研究项目。最初的项目应用了认知中介模型来理解酒精对S的影响，以及其他背景因素对女性S风险决策的影响。众所周知，饮酒会增加与风险相关的行为，当一个人喝醉时，决策在认知和情感上都是复杂的。了解影响女性的瞬间过程？S在醉酒时的决定对于提供预防措施至关重要。这项拟议的项目将研究饮酒、伴侣S的胁迫和女性S风险相关决定之间的关系。它将借鉴四条理论路线：1)认知调节模型(Norris等人，2004年)，该模型考察了认知评估在多大程度上调节了背景和情景因素对情绪和风险相关决策的影响；2)酒精近视理论(Taylor&Leonard，1983)，解释了与酒精相关的认知损害对行为的影响；3)评估-干扰模型(Sayette，1993)，其研究了酒精？S认知损害对情绪反应的影响；以及4)酒精期望理论(Goldman，1999；Macandrew&Edgerton，1969)，它描述了酒精如何通过文化和个人对酒精的期望来影响行为？S效应。这项拟议的研究将包括一项基于实验室的酒精管理实验，以建立被操纵的情景因素之间的因果关系，其中包括酒精消费，以及认知评估、情绪反应和即时风险相关决定。它还将采用一项纵向调查，以检查即刻决策如何转化为实际情况。结构方程模型将被用来检验背景和情境因素，以及基于情境的认知和情感中介，作为即时决策的预测因素。背景和情景模型将使用纵向数据分析技术进行检查，包括生存分析、潜在转变分析和增长曲线建模。 相关性：饮酒会增加与风险相关的决定和结果的可能性。这项拟议的项目将通过研究酒精对女性S在高危情况下决策的影响来研究这一主要的公共卫生问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project is a competing renewal of RO1AA014512 and will continue a program of research concerned with alcohol?s effects on women?s risk-related decision making. The original project applied a cognitive mediation model to understanding alcohol?s effects, in conjunction with other contextual and background factors, on women?s risk decisions. Alcohol consumption is known to increase risk-related behavior, and decision-making is cognitively and emotionally complex when a person is intoxicated. Understanding in-the-moment processes affecting women?s decisions while intoxicated is critical to informing prevention efforts. The proposed project will examine relationships among alcohol consumption, a partner?s coercion, and women?s risk-related decisions. It will draw on four theoretical lines: 1) the Cognitive Mediation Model (Norris et al., 2004), which examines the extent to which cognitive appraisals mediate the influence of background and situational factors on emotional and risk-related decisions ; 2) Alcohol Myopia Theory (Taylor & Leonard, 1983), which explicates the influence of alcohol-related cognitive impairment on behavior; 3) the Appraisal-Disruption Model (Sayette, 1993), which addresses alcohol?s cognitive impairment effects on emotional responding; and 4) Alcohol Expectancy Theory (Goldman, 1999; MacAndrew & Edgerton, 1969), which describes how alcohol influences behavior through cultural and individual expectations about alcohol?s effects. The proposed research will include a laboratory-based alcohol administration experiment to establish causal connections between manipulated situational factors, including alcohol consumption, and cognitive appraisals, emotional responses, and in-the-moment risk-related decisions. It will also employ a longitudinal survey to examine how in-the-moment decisions translate to actual situations. Structural equation modeling will be used to examine background and situational factors, as well as situationbased cognitive and emotional mediators, as predictors of in-the-moment decisions. Background and situational models will be examined using longitudinal data analytic techniques, including survival analysis, latent transition analysis, and growth curve modeling. Relevance: Alcohol consumption increases the likelihood of risk-related decisions and outcomes. The proposed project will examine this major public health concern by studying the influence of alcohol on women?s decision making in high-risk situations.